Forage yield and biological nitrogen fixation of pea–cereal intercrops for hay production

Gungaabayar, Amarjargal; Jha, Alok; Warkentin, Thomas D.; Knight, J. Diane; Penner, G. B.; Biligetu, Bill

doi:10.1002/agj2.21270

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…For instance, the N transfer from soybeans to sorghum ranged from 32 to 58% [24], while Chu et al [25], showed that N transfer from peanut to rice in intercrop was between 6.2 and 12.2%, depending on the N applied as fertilizer. Similarly, Gungaabayar et al [26] reported N transfer in an intercrop of peas with cereals between 17 and 43%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

N2 Fixation, N Transfer, and Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) in Grain Legume–Wheat Intercropping: Impact of N Supply and Plant Density

Salinas-Roco,

Morales-González,

Espinoza

et al. 2024

Plants

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Intercropping legumes with cereals can lead to increased overall yield and optimize the utilization of resources such as water and nutrients, thus enhancing agricultural efficiency. Legumes possess the unique ability to acquire nitrogen (N) through both N2 fixation and from the available N in the soil. However, soil N can diminish the N2 fixation capacity of legumes. It is postulated that in intercropping, legumes uptake N mainly through N2 fixation, leaving more soil N available for cereals. The latter, in turn, has larger root systems, allowing it to explore greater soil volume and absorb more N, mitigating its adverse effects on N2 fixation in legumes. The goal of this study was to evaluate how the supply of N affects the intercropping of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) and peas (Pisum sativum L.) with wheat under varying plant densities and N levels. We measured photosynthetic traits, biomass production, the proportion of N derived from air (%Ndfa) in the shoot of the legumes, the N transferred to the wheat, and the land equivalent ratio (LER). The results revealed a positive correlation between soil N levels and the CO2 assimilation rate (An), chlorophyll content, and N balance index (NBI) in wheat. However, no significant effect was observed in legumes as soil N levels increased. Transpiration (E) increased in wheat intercropped with legumes, while stomatal conductance (gs) increased with N addition in all crops. Water use efficiency (WUE) decreased in faba beans intercropped with wheat as N increased, but it showed no significant change in wheat or peas. The shoot dry matter of wheat increased with the addition of N; however, the two legume species showed no significant changes. N addition reduced the %Ndfa of both legume species, especially in monoculture, with peas being more sensitive than faba beans. The intercropping of wheat alleviated N2 fixation inhibition, especially at high wheat density and increased N transfer to wheat, particularly with peas. The LER was higher in the intercropping treatments, especially under limited N conditions. It is concluded that in the intercropping of wheat with legumes, the N2 fixation inhibition caused by soil N is effectively reduced, as well as there being a significant N transfer from the legume to the wheat, with both process contributing to increase LER.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

N2 Fixation, N Transfer, and Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) in Grain Legume–Wheat Intercropping: Impact of N Supply and Plant Density

Salinas-Roco,

Morales-González,

Espinoza

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…This crop is a vital source of plant-based protein for both animal feed and human food, offering significant health benefits (Tulbek et al 2016; Clemente and Olias 2017). Additionally, pea plays a crucial role in agricultural sustainability through nitrogen fixation enhancing soil fertility and structure, making it a valuable component of crop rotation or intercropping systems, particularly in conjunction with cereals (Skoufogianni et al 2019; Gungaabayar et al 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide association study uncovers pea candidate genes and pathways involved in rust resistance

Osuna-Caballero,

Rubiales,

Rispail

2024

Preprint

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Pea is an important temperate legume crop providing plant-based proteins for food and feed worldwide. Pea yield can be limited by a number of biotic stresses, among which, rust represents a major limiting factor. Some efforts have been made to assess the natural variation in pea resistance, but its efficient exploitation in breeding is limited since the resistance loci identified so far are scarce and their responsible gene(s) unknown. To overcome this knowledge gap, a comprehensive Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) on pea rust, caused by Uromyces pisi, has been performed to uncover genetic loci associated with resistance. Utilizing a diverse collection of 320 pea accessions, we evaluated phenotypic responses to two rust isolates using both traditional methods and advanced image-based phenotyping. We detected 95 significant trait-marker associations using a set of 26,045 DArT-seq polymorphic markers. Our in-silico analysis identified 62 candidate genes putatively involved in rust resistance, grouped into different functional categories such as gene expression regulation, vesicle trafficking, cell wall biosynthesis, and hormonal signalling. This research highlights the potential of GWAS to identify resistance sources, molecular markers associated with resistance and candidate genes against pea rust, offering new targets for precision breeding. By integrating our findings with current breeding programs, we can facilitate the development of pea varieties with improved resistance to rust, contributing to sustainable agricultural practices and food security. This study sets the stage for future functional genomic analyses and the application of genomic selection approaches to enhance disease resistance in peas.

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Management and breeding for rust resistance in legumes

Osuna-Caballero,

Rispail,

Barilli

et al. 2024

J Plant Pathol

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Rust diseases are a major concern in legume production worldwide causing heavy losses especially in developing countries that depend on grain legumes as staple food. Fungal species from Uromyces, Phakopsora and Puccinia genera are the main causal agents of the various legume rust diseases. They induce up to 100% yield losses on susceptible cultivars and are emerging as a substantial threat to global food security. Developing durable resistance to rust has thus become a critical breeding objective alongside efforts to improve cultural and disease management practices. This review specifically focuses on the recent advances in understanding and enhancing genetic rust resistance across diverse legume crops. Key topics covered include: (i) the diversity and host range of the rust species affecting legumes; (ii) the disease management strategies from cultural practices to chemical control; (iii) the available screening methods for identifying new sources of resistance; (iv) the genetic basis of resistance, encompassing both major resistance genes and quantitative trait loci; (v) insights into gene regulation and effector molecules leading to legume-rust interactions; and (vi) emerging genomic-assisted breeding techniques that can accelerate the development of durable rust resistance in legumes. Overall, this review highlights the progress made to date and the remaining challenges in sustainably managing rust diseases across diverse legume crops through integrated approaches spanning pathogen biology, advanced phenotyping, genetic resistance, and molecular breeding.

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Forage yield and biological nitrogen fixation of pea–cereal intercrops for hay production

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

N2 Fixation, N Transfer, and Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) in Grain Legume–Wheat Intercropping: Impact of N Supply and Plant Density

N2 Fixation, N Transfer, and Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) in Grain Legume–Wheat Intercropping: Impact of N Supply and Plant Density

Genome-Wide association study uncovers pea candidate genes and pathways involved in rust resistance

Management and breeding for rust resistance in legumes

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