Forage Analysis, Carbohydrate Content in Alfalfa Herbage as Influenced by Methods of Drying

Raguse, C. A.; Smith, D. H.

doi:10.1021/jf60140a005

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This suports the claim of "ruggedness" made for the iodified acid detergent fibre method by Collier : Foulds (1975). The consistently low WSC alues in oven-dried material agree with reports y Jones (1962) and Raguse & Smith (1965).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Comparison of methods of preparing grass and silage samples for laboratory analysis

Lancaster¹,

Wilson²,

Jury³

et al. 1977

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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The effects on the estimated chemical composition of grass and silage of various methods of preparing samples for analysis were studied. The methods used for grass were: (1) oven drying and grinding, (2) freeze drying and grinding, (3) coring, (4) mincing, and (5) freezing and sawing; and for silages: (1) freezing and sawing, (2) mincing, (3) slicing with a bacon ,,~icer once or twice, and (4) chopping with a hand guillotine. Oven drying of grasses gave lowest values for dry matter (DM), soluble carbohydrate, and total N, but method of preparation had no effect on ash % or fibre %. DM and fibre contents of silages were highest in minced and frozen-sawn samples, but method of preparation had no significant effect on values for VFA, lactic acid, and ammonia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Comparison of methods of preparing grass and silage samples for laboratory analysis

Lancaster¹,

Wilson²,

Jury³

et al. 1977

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…The sum of these three fractions was termed for practical reasons TNC in this paper. In the laboratory, samples were oven-dried at 100°C for 60 min and then at 70°C for 48 h. This procedure minimizes respiratory losses when a great number of samples prevents their immediate analysis (Raguse and Smith 1965). In previous assays with lugol solution (Sigma), we observed that starch accumulation in the lignotuber occurred only in the external, live tissues, whereas the central lignified tissues were depleted of it.…”

Section: Determination Of Carbohydrate Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal course of total non-structural carbohydrates in the lignotuberous Mediterranean-type shrub Erica australis

Cruz

Moreno

2001

Oecologia

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Lignotuberous plants are frequently dominant in Mediterranean-type shrublands, and total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) stored in the lignotuber are assumed to play an important role in resprouting after fire. However, seasonal variations in TNC in this organ and other plant parts have not been properly evaluated, particularly in relation to periods of fire risk, during which lignotuber TNC concentrations should be highest. We document the seasonal course of TNC concentrations in the stems, lignotubers and roots of 13 populations of the Mediterranean-type, lignotuberous, resprouter shrub Erica australis from central Spain. Plant water potentials were measured in parallel to correlate seasonal variations in water availability with fluctuations in TNC concentrations. Mean TNC concentrations in stems, lignotubers and roots throughout the year were 55, 73 and 120 mg g(-1) dry weight, respectively. Roots contained highest TNC concentrations, which were maximal in late spring. Starch concentrations decreased in all plant parts during spring, when plants were actively growing and reproducing. Lignotuber TNC concentrations were lowest in early summer, and remained relatively low during the period of maximum fire risk. Monosaccharide concentrations increased significantly in all plant parts during the summer, coinciding with a reduction in plant water potential. We conclude that seasonal fluctuations of TNC in E. australis are related to periods of plant growth and reproduction, and also occur in response to stressful conditions. No evidence was obtained supporting the idea that seasonal fluctuations of TNC may be a response to ensure highest TNC content in the lignotuber during periods with maximum fire risk.

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“…For preservation of carbohydrates, fine root samples were immediately placed on ice, then oven-dried at 100°C for 90 min that day, followed by oven-drying at 65°C until reaching constant mass (Raguse and Smith 1965). Dried root biomass was hand-sorted free of remaining planting media particles and re-dried at 65°C, weighed, ground to a fine powder, and stored in the dark in a dessicator until carbohydrate analysis.…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiological responses of salt cedar (Tamarix spp. L.) to the northern tamarisk beetle (Diorhabda carinulata Desbrochers) in a controlled environment

et al. 2010

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The northern tamarisk beetle (Diorhabda carinulata Desbrochers) was released in several western states as a biocontrol agent to suppress Tamarix spp. L. which has invaded riparian ecosystems; however, effects of beetle herbivory on Tamarix physiology are largely undocumented and may have ecosystem ramifications. Herbivory by this insect produces discoloration of leaves and premature leaf drop in these ecosystems, yet the cause of premature leaf drop and the effects of this leaf drop are still unknown. Insect herbivory may change leaf photosynthesis and respiration and may affect a plant's ability to regulate water loss and increase water stress. Premature leaf drop may affect plant tissue chemistry and belowground carbon allocation. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to understand how Tamarix responds physiologically to adult beetle and larvae herbivory and to determine the proximate cause of premature leaf drop. We hypothesized that plants experiencing beetle herbivory would have greater leaf and root respiration rates, greater photosynthesis, increased water stress, inefficient leaf nitrogen retranslocation, lower root biomass and lower total non-structural carbohydrates in roots. Insect herbivory reduced photosynthesis rates, minimally affected respiration rates, but significantly increased water loss during daytime and nighttime hours and this produced increased water stress. The proximate cause for premature leaf drop appears to be desiccation. Plants exposed to herbivory were inefficient in their retranslocation of nitrogen before premature leaf drop. Root biomass showed a decreasing trend in plants subjected to herbivory. Stress induced by herbivory may render these trees less competitive in future growing seasons.

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Forage Analysis, Carbohydrate Content in Alfalfa Herbage as Influenced by Methods of Drying

Abstract: changes and accelerated respiratory losses similar to those occurring during waiting (12).Changes that may occur in the content of some carbohydrate constituents during the drying and preservation of

Cited by 45 publications

References 8 publications

Comparison of methods of preparing grass and silage samples for laboratory analysis

Comparison of methods of preparing grass and silage samples for laboratory analysis

Seasonal course of total non-structural carbohydrates in the lignotuberous Mediterranean-type shrub Erica australis

Ecophysiological responses of salt cedar (Tamarix spp. L.) to the northern tamarisk beetle (Diorhabda carinulata Desbrochers) in a controlled environment

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