Footshock stress reinstates cocaine seeking in rats after extended post-stress delays

Brown, Zenya J.; Erb, Suzanne

doi:10.1007/s00213-007-0846-4

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Using a procedure similar to that described above, Ghitza et al (2007) found that noncontingent pellet delivery reinstated pellet-seeking behavior, whereas Shalev et al (2006) reported that an injection of yohimbine, a pharmacological stressor, reinstated food-seeking in foodrestricted rats previously trained to respond for food reward. These findings are similar to earlier data showing an enhancement of drug-seeking behavior following a stressful event (Erb et al, 1996;Brown and Erb, 2007). These results provide further parallels between the foodmotivated and drug-motivated behaviors.…”

Section: Reinstatement (Relapse) Of Food-seeking Behaviorsupporting

confidence: 91%

Selective breeding for differential saccharin intake as an animal model of drug abuse

Carroll

Morgan

Anker

et al. 2008

Behavioural Pharmacology

108

121

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A positive relationship between the consumption of sweetened dietary substances (e.g. saccharin and sucrose) and drug abuse has been reported in both the human and other animal literature. The proposed genetic contribution to this relationship has been based on evidence from behavioral, neurobiological, and linkage studies in heterogeneous and homogeneous animal populations. Initial work in several laboratories indicated that rodents that are selected for high alcohol consumption also display an increased preference for sweets compared with low alcohol-consuming animals. More recently, Sprague-Dawley rats have been selectively bred based on high saccharin (HiS) or low saccharin (LoS) consumption, and these lines represent an ideal opportunity to determine whether a reciprocal genetic relationship exists between the consumption of sweetened substances and self-administration of drugs of abuse. The purpose of this review is to examine a series of studies on the HiS and LoS rats for drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior using laboratory animal models that represent critical phases of drug abuse in humans. The data support the hypothesis that sweet consumption and drug self-administration are closely related and genetically influenced. Other characteristics of HiS and LoS rats are discussed as possible mediators of the genetic differences such as activity, impulsivity, novelty reactivity, stress, and emotionality. The interaction of sweet preference with biological variables related to drug abuse, such as age, sex, and hormonal influences, was considered, as they may be additive vulnerability factors with consumption of sweet substances. In the studies that are discussed, the HiS and LoS lines emerge as ideal addiction-prone and addiction-resistant models, respectively, with vulnerability or resilience factors that will inform prevention and treatment strategies for drug abuse.

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Section: Reinstatement (Relapse) Of Food-seeking Behaviorsupporting

confidence: 91%

Selective breeding for differential saccharin intake as an animal model of drug abuse

Carroll

Morgan

Anker

et al. 2008

Behavioural Pharmacology

108

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…While a number of studies have utilized intermittent footshock (Brown and Erb 2007; Buffalari and See 2009) and yohimbine (Bongiovanni and See 2008; Feltenstein and See 2006; Kupferschmidt et al 2009) as a means to study stress-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking in rodents, only one recent study has examined stress-induced reinstatement in females (Anker and Carroll 2010). Relative to males, female rats (cycle phase not determined) showed greater yohimbine-induced reinstatement, an effect consistent with clinical data suggesting that women are more susceptible than men to relapse to cocaine abuse following exposure to a stressor (Hyman et al 2008; McKay et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking in rats by yohimbine: sex differences and the role of the estrous cycle

2011

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Rationale Previous studies have shown that female rats exhibit enhanced cocaine-seeking across several phases of the addiction cycle when compared to males. Drug-seeking in females is also estrous cycle dependent and inversely associated with plasma progesterone. Although sex and estrous cycle-dependent differences have been reported in the reinstatement of cocaine-seeking triggered by cocaine injections or drug-paired cues, it is not yet known what role the estrous cycle may have on stress-induced reinstatement, either alone or in combination with drug-paired cues. Objectives Here, we examined male and female rats for reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-seeking produced by cocaine-paired cues or the stress-activating drug, yohimbine. Methods Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats self-administered intravenous cocaine (0.5 mg/kg/infusion) paired with a light+tone stimulus for 10–14 days. Lever responding was then allowed to extinguish, with subsequent reinstatement testing occurring 30 min following an injection of yohimbine (1.25 or 2.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) or vehicle either in the presence or absence of the conditioned stimulus. Results While males and females showed similar cue- and yohimbine-induced reinstatement (3–4 times over “No Cue”-vehicle responding), combining these stimuli resulted in a robust enhancement in cocaine-seeking in both groups, with a greater increase in females (10–12 vs 14–15 times over “No Cue”-vehicle responding for the males and females, respectively). When examined as a function of the estrous cycle, females in proestrus demonstrated higher levels of responding during yohimbine + cues reinstatement. Conclusions This cycle-dependent enhanced sensitivity to stress enhancement of cocaine-paired cues may generalize to greater relapse susceptibility under stressful conditions.

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“…Stress has emerged as a major factor that predicts cocaine craving (Sinha et al, 2003) and relapse to cocaine abuse (Sinha, 2008; Stewart, 2000) in humans as well as the reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats (Brown and Erb, 2007; Boutrel et al, 2005; Feltenstein and See, 2006; Shalev et al, 2003). …”

Section: Progestin Effects On Cocaine-induced Behavior During Differementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of progestins in the behavioral effects of cocaine and other drugs of abuse: Human and animal research

Anker

Carroll

2010

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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This review summarizes findings from human and animal research investigating the influence of progesterone and its metabolites allopreganolone and pregnanolone (progestins) on the effects of cocaine and other drugs of abuse. Since a majority of these studies have used cocaine, this will be the primary focus; however, the influence of progestins on other drugs of abuse will also be discussed. Collectively, findings from these studies support a role for progestins in: 1) attenuating the subjective and physiological effects of cocaine in humans, 2) blocking the reinforcing and other behavioral effects of cocaine in animal models of drug abuse, and 3) influencing behavioral responses to other drugs of abuse such as alcohol and nicotine in animals. Administration of several drugs of abuse in both human and nonhuman animals significantly increased progestin levels, and this is explained in terms of progestins acting as homeostatic regulators that decrease and normalize heightened stress and reward responses which lead to increased drug craving and relapse. The findings discussed here highlight the complexity of progestin-drug interactions, and they suggest a possible use for these agents in understanding the etiology and developing treatments for drug abuse.

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Footshock stress reinstates cocaine seeking in rats after extended post-stress delays

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Selective breeding for differential saccharin intake as an animal model of drug abuse

Selective breeding for differential saccharin intake as an animal model of drug abuse

Enhancement of cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking in rats by yohimbine: sex differences and the role of the estrous cycle

The role of progestins in the behavioral effects of cocaine and other drugs of abuse: Human and animal research

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