Foot pressure distribution during walking in young and old adults

Hessert, Mary Josephine; Vyas, Mitul; Leach, Jason A.; Hu, Kun; Lipsitz, Lewis A.; Novak, Vera

doi:10.1186/1471-2318-5-8

Cited by 197 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In addition, weight-bearing on the dominant side preferentially occurred on the medial surface and heel during normal walking. These findings are consistent with the results of Hessert et al who found that the forces needed to stabilize the ankle are increased in the medial and posterior foot of older adults during the heel touch phase 22) . The presence of the larger contact area during walking may indicate increased sway and decreased stability, and therefore, increased fall risk.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…We investigated differences in peak plantar pressure and contact surface area between the dominant and non-dominant sides because these measurements have been shown to be clinically useful in the diagnosis of fall risk, the treatment of gait disorders and falls, and the identification of anatomical foot deformities 21,22) . The peak pressures recorded were similar to those reported in previous studies of older adults 23) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparisons of Plantar Pressure Distributions between the Dominant and Non-dominant Sides of Older Women during Walking

Kim

Gubler

2013

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract.[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in plantar pressure distributions between the dominant and non dominant sides during walking by older women with a history of falling. [Subjects] Fourteen older women without foot problems participated in this study. [Methods] Plantar pressure distributions between the dominant and non-dominant sides were recorded using the F-scan system (Tekscan Inc, Boston, USA). Measured parameters included peak plantar pressure and surface area contact during the stance phase from heelstrike to toe-off.[Results] Although there were no differences in peak pressure, contact surface area was significantly greater in the first metatarsal (M1) and heel (H) regions of the dominant side compared to the non-dominant side.[Conclusion] Unequal weight distribution indicated by a greater contact surface area may be an indicator of fall risk during walking by older adults with a history of falls.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of Plantar Pressure Distributions between the Dominant and Non-dominant Sides of Older Women during Walking

Kim

Gubler

2013

J Phys Ther Sci

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“…A previous study reported that elderly people bore more weight on the lateral side of the foot than young people during heel contact and push-off and that the higher lateral weight bearing may affect stability during gait 12) . Bryant and colleagues 23) studied the difference of FP in normal, hallux valgus, and hallux limitus feet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The distribution and magnitude of plantar FP can provide useful information for diagnosing the various foot disorders [9][10][11] . Study of foot biomechanics reported that variation of plantar FP is useful for determining abnormal gait 12) . The measurement of plantar FP also provides useful objective information for clinicians such as physical therapists, assisting them with decisions over which treatment options should give the best clinical outcome 13) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Plantar Foot Pressure during the Non-crutch, Two-point, and Four-point Crutch Gait performed by Healthy Volunteers

Lee

Kim

et al. 2011

J Phys Ther Sci

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Abstract.[Purpose] The measurement of foot pressure (FP) is widely used for the evaluation of gait. The fluctuating changes of FP parameters according to various types of crutch gait, however, are not fully understood. This study examined the changes of FP during normal, two-point, and four-point crutch gait of healthy volunteers.[Subjects] The subjects were thirty-three adults who were 26.5 ± 1.4 years old, weighed 64.2 ± 10.3 kg, and were 168.8 ± 8.7 cm in height.[Methods] FP parameters were collected by a force plate with 2,304 resistive sensors. Regional plantar FP, trajectories of center of pressure (COP) in the anterior-posterior (AP) and the medio-lateral (ML) directions, contact time of foot on the ground, and the relative durations of sub-stages of the stance phase were measured during gait with or without a crutch.[Results] The regional plantar FP significantly decreased during two-point and four-point crutch gait compared with that during normal gait in the AP direction and overall. Analyzed by its trajectory, displacement of COP in the AP direction was significantly smaller during four-point gait than during normal gait. Contact time during two-point and four-point gait was significantly longer than during normal gait. Also, the relative duration of heel contact stage during four-point gait was significantly smaller than during normal gait. The relative durations of the midstance stage during two-point and fourpoint gait, however, were longer than that of normal gait. [Conclusion] These results suggest that types of gait with or without a crutch affect the fluctuation of FP and that may lead to a change of body position and gait pattern. The present data therefore may be useful for understanding the variations of crutch gait.

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“…Instrumented shoe insoles that do not interfere with walking (Pedar-X system, Novel, Munich, Germany) were used to record plantar pressures at 50 Hz. 16 Each insole was 2.5 mm thick and contained a matrix of 99 capacitive pressure sensors with a spatial resolution of 1.6-2.2 cm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infarct hemisphere and noninfarcted brain volumes affect locomotor performance following stroke

Chen

Novak

Manor³

2014

Neurology

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Objective: Brain damage within the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory is particularly disruptive to mediolateral postural stabilization. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to test the hypothesis that chronic right MCA infarcts (as compared to left) are associated with slower and more bilaterally asymmetrical gait. We further hypothesized that in those with chronic right MCA infarct, locomotor performance is more dependent on gray matter (GM) volumes within noninfarcted regions of the brain that are involved in motor control yet lie outside of the MCA territory.Methods: Gait speed was assessed in 19 subjects with right MCA infarct, 20 with left MCA infarct, and 108 controls. Bilateral plantar pressure and temporal symmetry ratios were calculated in a subset of the cohort. GM volumes within 5 regions outside of the MCA territory (superior parietal lobe, precuneus, caudate, putamen, and cerebellum) were quantified from anatomic MRIs.Results: Right and left infarct groups had similar poststroke duration (7.6 6 6.0 years), infarct size, and functional independence. The right infarct group demonstrated slower gait speed and greater asymmetry compared to the left infarct group and controls (p , 0.05). In the right infarct group only, those with larger GM volumes within the cerebellum (r 2 5 0.32, p 5 0.02) and caudate (r 2 5 0.56, p , 0.001) exhibited faster gait speed.Conclusion: Individuals with chronic lesions within the right MCA territory, as compared to the left MCA territory, exhibit slower, more asymmetrical gait. For these individuals, larger GM volumes within regions outside of the infarcted vascular territory may help preserve locomotor control. Although approximately two-thirds of stroke survivors regain the ability to walk, 1 many present with diminished locomotor performance characterized by slow walking speed and bilaterally asymmetrical walking patterns. 2,3 Lesions within the right hemisphere of the brain, as compared to the left, appear to be more disruptive to both gait and postural control.4-9 More specifically, lesions within the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory are particularly disturbing to both the sense of postural verticality and the ability to stabilize the body in the frontal plane. 8,[10][11][12][13] Recent studies, however, have also indicated that the complex motor control system can compensate for impairment to one or more elements of the system by placing increased reliance on remaining intact elements.14 As such, the extent of residual gait abnormality following an infarct may be dependent on not only infarct hemisphere but also on the integrity of noninfarcted brain regions.The objectives of the study were to investigate the effects of infarct hemisphere, as well as gray matter (GM) volumes within regions outside of the infarcted vascular territory, on locomotor performance in individuals with chronic MCA infarcts. We hypothesized that individuals with

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Foot pressure distribution during walking in young and old adults

Cited by 197 publications

References 16 publications

Comparisons of Plantar Pressure Distributions between the Dominant and Non-dominant Sides of Older Women during Walking

Comparisons of Plantar Pressure Distributions between the Dominant and Non-dominant Sides of Older Women during Walking

Analysis of Plantar Foot Pressure during the Non-crutch, Two-point, and Four-point Crutch Gait performed by Healthy Volunteers

Infarct hemisphere and noninfarcted brain volumes affect locomotor performance following stroke

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