Foot pad swelling and ulceration in cats: a report of five cases

Background-Feline atopic syndrome (FAS) describes a spectrum of hypersensitivity disorders characterised by highly diverse clinical presentations including skin, gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. Among these disorders is feline atopic skin syndrome (FASS), in which hypersensitivity is typically associated with environmental allergens, although food allergy may coexist. Involvement of other organ systems (e.g. asthma) also may occur. Because of its highly heterogeneous clinical presentation, diagnosis of FASS can be challenging. Objectives-A subgroup of the International Committee on Allergic Diseases of Animals was tasked to summarise the most current information on the clinical presentations of FASS and to develop diagnostic guidelines. Methods and materials-Online citation databases and abstracts from international meetings were searched for publications related to feline allergic conditions. These were combined with expert opinion where necessary. Results-A total of 107 publications relevant to this review were identified. Compilation of these data enabled development of a detailed description of the clinical features of FASS and development of guidelines focusing on systematic elimination of other skin conditions with similar clinical characteristics. As allergen tests are frequently used by dermatologists to support a clinical diagnosis of FASS, a brief review of these methodologies was also performed. Conclusions and clinical importance-In a similar way to atopic dermatitis in dogs, FASS is a clinical diagnosis based on the presence of compatible clinical signs and exclusion of other diseases with similar clinical features. Elimination or exclusion of fleas/flea allergy, other parasites, infections and food allergy is mandatory before reaching a diagnosis of FASS.

Section: Clinical Characteristics Of Fassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical signs and diagnosis of feline atopic syndrome: detailed guidelines for a correct diagnosis

Santoro

Pucheu‐Haston

Prost

et al. 2021

“…Plasma cell pododermatitis is an uncommon disease in cats and has been described as exclusively affecting the footpads 1–7 . The aetiology is unknown, but the marked plasma cell infiltrate, consistent hypergammaglobulinaemia, and response to immuno‐modulating therapy suggest an immune‐mediated basis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aetiology is unknown, but the marked plasma cell infiltrate, consistent hypergammaglobulinaemia, and response to immuno‐modulating therapy suggest an immune‐mediated basis. A seasonal recurrence of the disease was reported in some cases, suggesting a possible allergic aetiology 1 . An infectious aetiology has also been suggested but has not been definitively established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nasal swelling due to plasma cell infiltrate in a cat without plasma cell pododermatitis

Declercq

Bosschere²

2010

A cat with an upper respiratory infection was presented for examination. Close examination of the face revealed a firm, haired rounded swelling on the bridge of the nose. Serum protein electrophoresis demonstrated a mild hypergammaglobulinaemia. The cat tested negative for feline immunodeficiency virus. Skin biopsy of the nasal lesion revealed nodular angiocentric infiltrates in the deep dermis and subcutis. The mixed infiltrate had numerous plasma cells. Presence of calicivirus antigen could not be demonstrated within the skin lesion by immunohistochemical staining. The cat was treated for upper respiratory infection and 1 month later the nasal lesion had resolved. A firm and rounded swelling over the bridge of the nose may be a feline cutaneous plasmacytic reaction pattern.

“…In some cases, spontaneous remission of the lesions occurs, whereas in others there is a seasonal exacerbation of the disease. Feline plasma cell pododermatitis responds well to both glucocorticoid therapy and to wide surgical excision of affected footpads 3,8–11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feline plasma cell pododermatitis responds well to both glucocorticoid therapy and to wide surgical excision of affected footpads. 3,[8][9][10][11] Here we present a clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical study of eight cases of feline plasma cell pododermatitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline plasma cell pododermatitis: a study of 8 cases

Dias‐Pereira

Faustino

2003

Eight cases of feline plasma cell pododermatitis, collected over a 3-year period, were studied using histological (haematoxylin and eosin), histochemical (methyl green-pyronin) and immunohistochemical (antibody against lambda light chains of immunoglobulins) techniques. No sex, breed or age predisposition, or paw predilection was observed. The disease began as a swelling of the footpads, followed by ulceration. Histologically, lesions were characterized by the presence of a large number of plasma cells in a predominantly perivascular pattern. Binucleated plasma cells and mitotic figures were observed. Clinical follow-up for over 1 year revealed total remission of the lesions both after glucocorticoid therapy in four cases, and total surgical excision in two animals. Follow-up studies were not possible in one case.