Foods, nutrients and prostate cancer: a case–control study in Uruguay

Deneo‐Pellegrini, Hugo; Stéfani, Eduardo De; Ronco, Álvaro L.; Mendilaharsu, Marı́a

doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6690396

Cited by 137 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Generally, fruit intake has not been associated with prostate cancer risk. 3 Small benefits from increased total vegetable consumption have been reported by several studies, 2,5,7,24,31 but not supported by others. 8,9 In particular, no associations were found in the large EPIC cohort.…”

Section: -26mentioning

confidence: 90%

Fruit, vegetable, vitamin A intakes, and prostate cancer risk

Ambrosini

Klerk

Fritschi

et al. 2007

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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Prostate cancer risk was examined in relation to intakes of fruit, vegetables, b-carotene and retinol. Subjects were a cohort of 1985 men previously to asbestos who participated in a cancer prevention programme of b-carotene and retinol supplements that commenced in July 1990. Diet was assessed at entry to the programme. Ninety-seven cases of prostate cancer were identified during follow-up until the end of 2004. A decreased prostate cancer risk was observed with increasing intakes of vitamin C-rich vegetables, including bell peppers and broccoli. Fruit, other vegetables and vitamin A intakes did not appear to be strong factors in the development of prostate cancer in this study.

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Section: -26mentioning

confidence: 90%

Fruit, vegetable, vitamin A intakes, and prostate cancer risk

Ambrosini

Klerk

Fritschi

et al. 2007

Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis

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“…take is positively associated with prostate cancer, [41][42][43][44][45][46][47] though some case-control studies have suggested no association between energy intake and prostate cancer. [48][49][50][51][52] In this study, energy intake increased the risk of prostate cancer to some extent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case‐control study of diet and prostate cancer in Japan: possible protective effect of traditional Japanese diet

et al. 2004

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The age-adjusted incidence of prostate cancer is low in Japan, and it has been suggested that the traditional Japanese diet, which includes many soy products, plays a preventive role against prostate cancer. We performed a case-control study on dietary factors and prostate cancer in order to assess the hypothesis that the traditional Japanese diet reduces the risk of prostate cancer. Four geographical areas (Ibaraki, Fukuoka, Nara, and Hokkaido) of Japan were selected for the survey. Average daily intake of food from 5 years before the diagnosis was measured by means of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We studied 140 cases and 140 individually age ( ± ± ± ±5 years)-matched hospital controls for analysis. Estimates of age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and linear trends were calculated by conditional logistic regression models with adjustment for cigarette smoking and total energy intake as confounding factors. Consumption of fish, all soybean products, tofu (bean curds), and natto (fermented soybeans) was associated with decreased risk. ORs of the fourth vs. first quartile and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were 0.45 (0.20-1.02) for fish, 0.53 (0.24-1.14) for all soybean products, 0.47 (0.20-1.08) for tofu, and 0.25 (0.05-1.24) for natto. Consumption of fish and natto showed significantly decreasing linear trends for risk (P < < < <0.05). Consumption of meat was significantly associated with increased risk (the OR of the second vs. first quartile was 2.19, 95%CI 1.00-4.81). Consumption of milk, fruits, all vegetables, green-yellow vegetables, and tomatoes showed no association. Our results provide support to the hypothesis that the traditional Japanese diet, which is rich in soybean products and fish, might be protective against prostate cancer. (Cancer Sci 2004; 95: 238-242) he age-standardized incidence of prostate cancer is low in Japan (10.0 per 100,000), being approximately one-tenth of that in the United States.1) Among Japanese immigrant in Hawaii, age-standardized incidence of prostate cancer is approximately ten times that in Japan.2) It is suggested that environmental factors such as dietary habits play a major role in causation of prostate cancer. A number of case-control studies have indicated that high intake of fat, especially saturated fat, increases the risk of prostate cancer.3) In contrast, high intake of isoflavone, which is mainly found in soybeans and soy products, may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. 4,5) The traditional Japanese diet which includes many soy products is richer in isoflavone, 6,7) and contains less fat than the Western diet. However, an epidemiological study of prostate cancer in Kyoto in 1988 8) yielded no evidence that fat or soybeans were associated with the risk of prostate cancer.Recently in Japan, the incidence rate of prostate cancer has been increasing cocomitantly with the westernization of dietary habits. We carried out a case-control study on dietary factors and prostate cancer to assess the hypothesis that the traditional Japanese diet reduc...

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“…27). For nine evaluated case-control studies (9,(202)(203)(204)(205)(206)(207)(208)(209), the mean relative risk was 1.08 and the range was 0.40-1.70 (Fig. 28).…”

Section: Prostatementioning

confidence: 99%

Fruit and Vegetables in Cancer Prevention

Vainio¹,

Weiderpass²

2006

Nutrition and Cancer

231

145

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Our aim was to review the epidemiological literature on possible cancer-preventive effects of the consumption of fruits and vegetables in humans, to quantify the effect of high versus low consumption of fruits and vegetables, and to give an overall assessment of the existing evidence. We based our work on an expert meeting conducted by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 2003. A qualitative reading and evaluation of relevant articles on the cancer-preventive effect of the consumption of fruits and vegetables was made followed by the calculation of the mean relative risk and range for cohort and case-control studies separately. The possible population-preventable fraction for modifying diet in relation to fruit and vegetable consumption was calculated as well as an overall statement about the degree of evidence for the cancer-preventive effect of fruit and vegetable consumption for each cancer site. There is limited evidence for a cancer-preventive effect of the consumption of fruits and vegetables for cancer of the mouth and pharynx, esophagus, stomach, colon-rectum, larynx, lung, ovary (vegetables only), bladder (fruit only), and kidney. There is inadequate evidence for a cancer-preventive effect of the consumption of fruits and vegetables for all other sites. Applying this range of risk difference to the range of prevalence of low intake, the preventable fraction for low fruit and vegetable intake would fall into the range of 5-12%. It is important to recognize that this is only a crude range of estimates and that the proportion of cancers that might be preventable by increasing fruit and vegetable intake may vary beyond this range for specific cancer sites and across different regions of the world.

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Foods, nutrients and prostate cancer: a case–control study in Uruguay

Cited by 137 publications

References 23 publications

Fruit, vegetable, vitamin A intakes, and prostate cancer risk

Fruit, vegetable, vitamin A intakes, and prostate cancer risk

A case‐control study of diet and prostate cancer in Japan: possible protective effect of traditional Japanese diet

Fruit and Vegetables in Cancer Prevention

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