Foodomics: futuristic omic strategies to assess the impact of food nutrients on human health and gut microbiome

Abstract

SummaryFoodomics is an omic technique that integrates with the study of food and nutrition. The technique delves into the composition, functions, and expression outcomes of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, shedding light on how nutrients influence gene and protein expression. It enables the understanding of cellular processes, functional mechanisms, and molecules involved and identifies targets for bioactive compounds desirable for nutritional intervention strategies. It also facilitates the discovery of biomarkers that elucidate the bioactivities of various food components, offering insights into their implications for individual well‐being. Furthermore, due to the molecular interplay between food and gut microbiome, this technique offered a comprehensive understanding of nutritional dynamics and the role of nutrients in maintaining optimal health. Hence, the article highlights the recent research that deciphers the bioactive activities of various food components, shedding insight on their consequences for individual well‐being and intricating the balance of the gut microbiota using this omic technique.