Foodborne Parasites in Europe: Present Status and Future Trends

Trevisan, Chiara; Torgerson, Paul R.; Robertson, Lucy J.

doi:10.1016/j.pt.2019.07.002

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…However, it is reasonable to speculate about the management of the washing systems used in food industry. Trevisan et al [39] referred that managing water sustainably in agriculture means increased utilization of wastewater for irrigation, reusing freshwater to wash the products and therefore increasing the chances for RTE/packaged fruit and vegetables to become contaminated [39]. Nevertheless, testing water samples from washing/packing facilities and the water used for irrigation of bulk products are warranted in order to decipher the degree of Toxoplasma oocyst contamination on fruit and vegetables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in fresh vegetables and berry fruits

et al. 2020

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Background: Toxoplasma gondii is the third most important contributor to health burden caused by food-borne illness. Ingestion of tissue cysts from undercooked meat is an important source of horizontal transmission to humans. However, there is an increasing awareness of the consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables, as a possible source for oocyst transmission, since this stage of the parasite can persist and remain infective in soil and water for long time. Herein, we outline findings related with detection of T. gondii oocysts in vegetables and berry fruits, which are usually raw consumed. The procedure includes the estimation of the number of oocysts. Methods: Food samples were collected from local producers and supermarket suppliers. Toxoplasma gondii oocysts were concentrated after washing the samples by applying high resolution water filtration and immunomagnetic separation (method 1623.1: EPA 816-R-12-001-Jan 2012), in order to (i) remove potential Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and Giardia spp. cysts present in the samples; and (ii) select T. gondii oocysts. Toxoplasma gondii oocyst detection and an estimation of their numbers was performed by conventional PCR and real time qPCR, using specific primers for a 183-bp sequence of the T. gondii repetitive DNA region. All PCR-positive DNA samples were purified and sequenced. Restriction enzyme digestion with EcoRV endonuclease confirmed the presence of the T. gondii DNA fragment. In addition, the presence of the parasite was observed by fluorescent microscopy, taking advantage of the oocysts autofluorescence under UV light. Results: Forty percent of the analysed samples (95% CI: 25.5-56.5%) presented the expected PCR and digested DNA fragments. These fragments were confirmed by sequencing. Microscopic autofluorescence supported the presence of T. gondii-like oocysts. The estimated mean (± SE) oocyst concentration was 23.5 ± 12.1 oocysts/g, with a range of 0.6-179.9 oocysts/g. Conclusions: Our findings provide relevant evidence of contamination of fresh vegetables and berry fruits with T. gondii oocysts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in fresh vegetables and berry fruits

et al. 2020

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“…The climate changes, new feeding habits, and globalization of food supply chains may increase the worldwide incidence of some foodborne diseases [3,4]. Unfortunately, foodborne parasites remain neglected compared with bacterial and viral pathogens [3]. Therefore, studies in this field, like epidemiological surveys [5,6], development of novel diagnostic tools [7][8][9], drug discovery [10], or investigation of pathogenicity [11], are particularly valuable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic and Bioinformatic Investigations of Heat-Treated Anisakis simplex Third-Stage Larvae

et al. 2020

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Anisakis simplex third-stage larvae are the main source of hidden allergens in marine fish products. Some Anisakis allergens are thermostable and, even highly processed, could cause hypersensitivity reactions. However, Anisakis proteome has not been studied under autoclaving conditions of 121 °C for 60 min, which is an important process in the food industry. The aim of the study was the identification and characterization of allergens, potential allergens, and other proteins of heat-treated A. simplex larvae. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify 470 proteins, including allergens—Ani s 1, Ani s 2, Ani s 3, Ani s 4, Ani s 5—and 13 potential allergens that were mainly homologs of Anisakis spp., Ascaris spp., and Acari allergens. Ani s 2, Ani s 3, Ani s 5, and three possible allergens were found among the top 25 most abundant proteins. The computational analysis allowed us to detect allergen epitopes, assign protein families, and domains as well as to annotate the localization of proteins. The predicted 3D models of proteins revealed similarities between potential allergens and homologous allergens. Despite the partial degradation of heated A. simplex antigens, their immunoreactivity with anti-A. simplex IgG antibodies was confirmed using a Western blot. In conclusion, identified epitopes of allergenic peptides highlighted that the occurrence of Anisakis proteins in thermally processed fish products could be a potential allergic hazard. Further studies are necessary to confirm the IgE immunoreactivity and thermostability of identified proteins.

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“…La escasa o nula información referida a brotes de enfermedades gastrointestinales causados por alimentos asociados con el consumo de moluscos bivalvos puede deberse a que los mejillones no son reconocidos como un alimento potencial transmisor de parásitos, como así también debido a que no son enfermedades reportables y tampoco cuentan con vigilancia epidemiológica (Dorny et al, 2009;Ryan et al, 2018). Estos, en las últimas décadas, están recuperando atención dado que no solo afectan la salud de las personas, sino también causan graves consecuencias económicas (Trevisan et al, 2019). Entre las posibles causas de la aparición y reaparición de EPTAs se describen la contaminación, el cambio climático y el global (Robertson, 2018).…”

Section: Confirmación De Quistes Deunclassified

Avaliação De Alterações De Linha De Costa a Partir Da Ferramenta De Imagens Históricas Do Google Earth: O Caso Da Praia De Itacuruçá (Mangaratiba (Rj) – Brasil)

Abude¹,

Souza²

2020

Oceanografía: Desvelando La Belleza, Los Misterios Y Los Desafíos Del Mar

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Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0). O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento, desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, e sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.

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Foodborne Parasites in Europe: Present Status and Future Trends

Cited by 39 publications

References 51 publications

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in fresh vegetables and berry fruits

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in fresh vegetables and berry fruits

Proteomic and Bioinformatic Investigations of Heat-Treated Anisakis simplex Third-Stage Larvae

Avaliação De Alterações De Linha De Costa a Partir Da Ferramenta De Imagens Históricas Do Google Earth: O Caso Da Praia De Itacuruçá (Mangaratiba (Rj) – Brasil)

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