Foodborne ESKAPE Biofilms and Antimicrobial Resistance: lessons Learned from Clinical Isolates

Patil, Abhijit; Banerji, Rajashri; Kanojiya, Poonam; Saroj, Sunil D.

doi:10.1080/20477724.2021.1916158

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…In terms of virulence and resistance patterns, earlier a close relationship was found between the K. pneumoniae isolate from the retail meat product and UTI isolates ( Davis et al, 2015 ). In Patil et al (2021) reviewed that biofilm formation by ESKAPE pathogens can be a potential source of food contamination and the presence of AMR and MDR genes poses an additional risk. Some reports have evidenced that VBNC bacteria resume their growth when they pass through the digestive tract in animals ( Colwell et al, 1985 ; Linder and Oliver, 1989 ), as well as in human cell lines ( Colwell et al, 1996 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in recent years, sporadic evidences are coming up to establish the role of ESKAPE pathogens in the food industry ( Pérez-Rodríguez and Mercanoglu Taban, 2019 ; Li et al, 2020d ; Khater et al, 2021 ). Recently, there are evidences of food being contaminated with ESKAPE pathogens in hospital settings ( Patil et al, 2021 ). It has also been demonstrated that raw meat, fruit, and vegetables serve as a reservoir for Acinetobacter baumannii, S. aureus , and Klebsiella pneumoniae ( Xu et al, 2012 ; Bao et al, 2017a , b ; Pérez-Rodríguez and Mercanoglu Taban, 2019 ; Li et al, 2020d ; Khater et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formic acid, an organic acid food preservative, induces viable-but-non-culturable state, and triggers new Antimicrobial Resistance traits in Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae

et al. 2022

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Numerous human pathogens, especially Gram-negative bacteria, are able to enter the viable-but-non-culturable (VBNC) state when they are exposed to environmental stressors and pose the risk of being resuscitated and causing infection after the removal of the trigger. Widely used food preservatives like weak organic acids are potential VBNC inducers in food processing and packaging facilities but have only been reported for food-borne pathogens. In the present study, it is demonstrated for the first time that one such agent, formic acid (FA), can induce a VBNC state at food processing, storage, and distribution temperatures (4, 25, and 37°C) with a varied time of treatment (days 4–10) in pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The use of hospital-associated pathogens is critical based on the earlier reports that demonstrated the presence of these bacteria in hospital kitchens and commonly consumed foods. VBNC induction was validated by multiple parameters, e.g., non-culturability, metabolic activity as energy production, respiratory markers, and membrane integrity. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the removal of FA was able to resuscitate VBNC with an increased expression of multiple virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) genes in both pathogens. Since food additives/preservatives are significantly used in most food manufacturing facilities supplying to hospitals, contamination of these packaged foods with pathogenic bacteria and the consequence of exposure to food additives emerge as pertinent issues for infection control, and control of antimicrobial resistance in the hospital setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formic acid, an organic acid food preservative, induces viable-but-non-culturable state, and triggers new Antimicrobial Resistance traits in Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae

et al. 2022

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“…AMPs are positively-charged peptides generally made up of 10–15 amino acids. They are found in all the living organisms and are involved in the innate immunity ( Patil et al, 2021 ). Generally, AMPs are broad-spectrum and cause the osmotic lysis of bacterial cells by permeabilizing their membranes, due to their amphipathic nature.…”

Section: Natural Molecules Against Eskape Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the resistance of the ESKAPE bacteria to a broad range of antibiotics, there are severe challenges in the treatment of their infections, especially when biofilms are involved. In fact, bacteria inside the biofilms are about 1,000 times more resistant to antimicrobials as compared to planktonic cells ( Patil et al, 2021 ). Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop new weapons to fight these pathogens, with particular emphasis on the eradication of their biofilms ( Panda et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances to combat ESKAPE pathogens with special reference to essential oils

et al. 2022

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Biofilm-associated bacteria, especially ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.), are a serious challenge worldwide. Due to the lack of discovery of novel antibiotics, in the past two decades, it has become necessary to search for new antibiotics or to study synergy with the existing antibiotics so as to counter life-threatening infections. Nature-derived compounds/based products are more efficient than the chemically synthesized ones with less resistance and lower side effects. In this descriptive review, we discuss the most promising therapeutics for the treatment of ESKAPE-related biofilms. The first aspect includes different types of natural agents [botanical drugs, essential oils (EOs), antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, and endolysins] effective against ESKAPE pathogens. The second part of the review deals with special references to EOs/essential oil components (EOCs) (with some exclusive examples), mode of action (via interfering in the quorum-sensing pathways, disruption of biofilm and their inhibitory concentrations, expression of genes that are involved, other virulence factors), existing in literature so far. Moreover, different essential oils and their major constituents were critically discussed using in vivo models to target ESKAPE pathogens along with the studies involving existing antibiotics.

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“…Under these conditions, bacteria are embedded and protected from external assaults, and they are more resistant to conventional antibiotic treatments than are planktonic bacteria, thus resulting in recalcitrant biofilm-associated infections [41]. Indeed, it is well known that biofilm-forming bacteria are about one thousand times more resistant to antimicrobials than are planktonic cells [42]. Considering this problem, the prevention of biofilm formation and the treatment of existing biofilms is currently a difficult challenge, and the discovery of new multi-targeted or combinatorial therapies is increasingly urgent [41,43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Extracts from Hemp Seeds as a New Weapon against Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms

Casillo,

D’Angelo,

Imbimbo

et al. 2023

IJMS

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This study investigated the antibiofilm activity of water-soluble extracts obtained under different pH conditions from Cannabis sativa seeds and from previously defatted seeds. The chemical composition of the extracts, determined through GC-MS and NMR, revealed complex mixtures of fatty acids, monosaccharides, amino acids and glycerol in ratios depending on extraction pH. In particular, the extract obtained at pH 7 from defatted seeds (Ex7d) contained a larger variety of sugars compared to the others. Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were found in all of the analysed extracts, but linoleic acid (C18:2) was detected only in the extracts obtained at pH 7 and pH 10. The extracts did not show cytotoxicity to HaCaT cells and significantly inhibited the formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms. The exception was the extract obtained at pH 10, which appeared to be less active. Ex7d showed the highest antibiofilm activity, i.e., around 90%. Ex7d was further fractionated by HPLC, and the antibiofilm activity of all fractions was evaluated. The 2D-NMR analysis highlighted that the most active fraction was largely composed of glycerolipids. This evidence suggested that these molecules are probably responsible for the observed antibiofilm effect but does not exclude a possible synergistic contribution by the other components.

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Foodborne ESKAPE Biofilms and Antimicrobial Resistance: lessons Learned from Clinical Isolates

Cited by 23 publications

References 120 publications

Formic acid, an organic acid food preservative, induces viable-but-non-culturable state, and triggers new Antimicrobial Resistance traits in Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae

Formic acid, an organic acid food preservative, induces viable-but-non-culturable state, and triggers new Antimicrobial Resistance traits in Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae

Recent advances to combat ESKAPE pathogens with special reference to essential oils

Aqueous Extracts from Hemp Seeds as a New Weapon against Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms

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