Food web structure of a restored macroalgal bed in the eastern Korean peninsula determined by C and N stable isotope analyses

Kang, Chang‐Keun; Choy, Eun Jung; Son, Yong-Soo; Lee, Jae-Young; Kim, JongKyu; Kim, Young-Dae; Lee, Kun‐Seop

doi:10.1007/s00227-007-0890-y

Cited by 71 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…sea otters, Box 2), fishing or disease [57]. By contrast, where kelp forests have been replaced by algal turfs, sediments or mussel beds, recovery potential seems limited even when the proximate drivers of loss are removed [58,59], but assisted restoration can help [16].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large-scale fishing closure on Georges Bank during the 1990s enabled the recovery of the entire benthic community [9] and strongly reduced exploitation rates have led to the rebuilding of the fish community biomass in the California Current since 2000 [9]. Restoration of kelp along Korean coasts resulted in the complete recovery of macroalgal community structure and trophic food webs [16]. Studies in MPAs illustrate successional recovery of different community components (Figure 3c) as well as re-establishment of lost predatory interactions and food-web structure [14,15,68,69].…”

Section: Species Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, many coastal habitats, including wetlands, seagrass beds, mangrove and kelp forests, and oyster and coral reefs, have been severely reduced or degraded [2][3][4]6], yet partial recovery has been achieved in some regions in response to protection and pollution controls [3,13]. Restoration attempts at an ecosystem level have often been followed by the return and recovery of former species assemblages and ecosystem functions [13][14][15][16][17], but some ecosystems have remained in an altered state [18]. Such successes could serve as important guides for efforts to prevent further biodiversity loss and enhance future recoveries.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Recovery of marine animal populations and ecosystems

Lotze¹,

Coll²,

Magera³

et al. 2011

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

341

316

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Many marine populations and ecosystems have experienced strong historical depletions, yet reports of recoveries are increasing. Here, we review the growing research on marine recoveries to reveal how common recovery is, its magnitude, timescale and major drivers. Overall, 10-50% of depleted populations and ecosystems show some recovery, but rarely to former levels of abundance. In addition, recovery can take many decades for long-lived species and complex ecosystems. Major drivers of recovery include the reduction of human impacts, especially exploitation, habitat loss and pollution, combined with favorable life-history and environmental conditions. Awareness, legal protection and enforcement of management plans are also crucial. Learning from historical recovery successes and failures is essential for implementing realistic conservation goals and promising management strategies.A new focus on recovery An increasing number of studies have reported strong declines in marine animal populations and the degradation of ocean ecosystems over past decades and centuries around the world [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], leading to a widespread perception of empty oceans and polluted waters. Yet, throughout history, humans have responded to declining resource abundance and ecosystem degradation by implementing management and conservation measures. Some of these have been successful and resulted in recovery, whereas others have failed [3,8,9].Therefore, an important question to science and management is: how common is recovery among depleted populations and degraded ecosystems in the ocean? Today, many marine mammal, bird, reptile and fish populations are at low abundance, and several species are endangered or extinct on regional or global scales [5,[10][11][12]. However, despite long periods of intense human impacts, most marine species persist and some populations do show signs of recovery [3,8,9]. Similarly, many coastal habitats, including wetlands, seagrass beds, mangrove and kelp forests, and oyster and coral reefs, have been severely reduced or degraded [2][3][4]6], yet partial recovery has been achieved in some regions in response to protection and pollution controls [3,13]. Restoration attempts at an ecosystem level have often been followed by the return and recovery of former species assemblages and ecosystem functions [13][14][15][16][17], but some ecosystems have remained in an altered state [18]. Such successes could serve as important guides for efforts to prevent further biodiversity loss and enhance future recoveries.Despite a growing number of case studies on the recovery of specific populations or ecosystems, an overview of the general patterns and drivers of marine recoveries over historical timescales is lacking. A recent review on the recovery of damaged ecosystems found that many terrestrial and marine ecosystems can recover on timescales of a few years to a few decades after major perturbations [19]. However, most case studies in the review, especially among marine and brackish examples, included small, short-...

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Species Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recovery of marine animal populations and ecosystems

Lotze¹,

Coll²,

Magera³

et al. 2011

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

341

316

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“…Fry (1999) found that pond smelt were probably residents of the shallow pool areas in which they were caught and that pond smelt d 13 C values reflected the lower d 13 C values of their prey. The lower pond smelt d 13 C values in Lake Mae probably indicates that pond smelt d 13 C values are related to the isotopic signature (lower d 13 C) of their freshwater prey unlike in Lake Hwajinpo and Lake Youngrang (Limburg 1998;Herzka 2005;Kang et al 2008).…”

Section: Isotopic Differences In Pond Smelt In Brackish Lagoonsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Zooplankton collected from deeper areas in Lake Soyang often have much lower d 13 C values (average, (24.6 ). Kang et al (2008) showed d 13 C of marine zooplankton in the eastern coastal area of Korea and reported an average of (21.891.2 . Kang et al (2008) reported that the average d 13 C and d 15 N of fish in eastern coastal waters were (19.39 0.4 and 10.390.6 , respectively.…”

Section: Isotopic Differences In Pond Smelt In Brackish Lagoonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat-specific variation in stable C and N isotope ratios of pond smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis)

Lee

Choi

Owen

et al. 2013

Animal Cells and Systems

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The aim of this study was to investigate differences in d 13 C and d 15 N of pond smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis) collected from three brackish lagoons, which have different characteristics, the principal one being the presence or absence of a weir located near the mouth of the outlet channel. The presence or absence of a weir is reflected in a difference in salinity among the study lakes. We found a general pattern of lower pond smelt d 13 C values in Lake Mae with lower salinity and higher pond smelt d 13 C values in Lake Hwajinpo and Lake Youngrang (lagoons with higher salinity). Pond smelt d 13 C values showed little variation among the three lagoons related to pond smelt length, but likely reflected the availability of freshwater prey in Lake Mae. Among the lagoons, we found that pond smelt d 15 N values were lower in Lake Hwajinpo compared with pond smelt d 15 N values in Lake Youngrang and Lake Mae. This pattern likely shows a difference in anthropogenic nitrogen (N) loading among the lagoons. The results of this study emphasize the utility of stable isotope measurements to better understand how structural characteristics of aquatic ecosystems (presence or absence of a weir) and anthropogenic disturbances can affect stable isotope patterns in aquatic food webs. This stable isotope approach may be a general technique for evaluating fish habitat and restoration or management of coastal lagoon ecosystems.

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Challenges in Marine Restoration Ecology: How Techniques, Assessment Metrics, and Ecosystem Valuation Can Lead to Improved Restoration Success

Basconi

Cadier²,

Guerrero-Limón

2019

YOUMARES 9 - The Oceans: Our Research, Our Future

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Evaluating the effectiveness and success of coastal marine habitat restoration is often highly challenging and can vary substantially between different habitat types. The current article presents a state-of-the-art review of habitatlevel restoration in the coastal marine environment. It sets out most successful techniques across habitats and suggestions of better metrics to assess their success. Improvements in restoration approach are outlined, with a particular focus on selective breeding, using recent advancements in genetics. Furthermore, the assessment of ecosystem services, as a metric to determine restoration success on a spatiotemporal scale, is addressed in this article. As the concept of ecosystem services is more tangible for a nonscientific audience, evaluating restoration success in this manner has the potential to greatly contribute to raising awareness of environmental issues and to implement socioeconomic policies. Moreover, habitatbased restoration has been proven to be an effective tool to address the issue of ecosystem service sustainability and poverty alleviation. Appropriate conservation management, prior to the implementation of restoration activities, is crucial to create an environment in which restoration efforts are likely to succeed.

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Food web structure of a restored macroalgal bed in the eastern Korean peninsula determined by C and N stable isotope analyses

Cited by 71 publications

References 39 publications

Recovery of marine animal populations and ecosystems

Recovery of marine animal populations and ecosystems

Habitat-specific variation in stable C and N isotope ratios of pond smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis)

Challenges in Marine Restoration Ecology: How Techniques, Assessment Metrics, and Ecosystem Valuation Can Lead to Improved Restoration Success

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