Food Security and Soil Quality

Lal, Rattan; Stewart, B.A.

doi:10.1201/ebk1439800577

Cited by 62 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…High temperatures throughout the year and frequent soil tillage enhance microbial decomposition of SOC, and summer droughts reduce plant growth and thus litter inputs to soil. Given the utmost importance of SOC for soil fertility and carbon (C) sequestration (Lal and Stewart, 2010;Oldfield et al, 2019), it is a matter of urgency to identify suitable agricultural land-use types and adopt measures to preserve SOC (Aguilera et al, 2013;Searchinger et al, 2018;Pretty, 2018;Oldfield et al, 2019). However, few studies have been carried out with the same land use types replicated at multiple sites to quantify the impact of Mediterranean land-use types on soil fertility indicators and soil biota involved in crop performance and soil quality (Armenise et al, 2013;Ciccolini et al, 2016b;Powell and Rillig, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forage Rotations Conserve Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Soil Fertility

2020

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In the Mediterranean, long-term impact of typical land uses on soil fertility have not been quantified yet on replicated mixed crop-livestock farms and considering the variability of soil texture. Here, we report the effects, after 15 years of practice, of two legumewinter cereal rotations, olive orchards and vineyards on microbiological and chemical indicators of soil fertility and the communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). We compare the changes among these four agricultural land-use types to woodland reference sites. Root colonization by AMF of English ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), a grass that occurred under all land use types, was only half as heavy in biannual berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)-winter cereal rotations than in 4-year alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)-winter cereal rotations. In olive (Olea europaea L.) orchards and vineyards (Vitis vinifera L.), where weeds are controlled by frequent surface tillage, the AMF root colonization of ryegrass was again much lower than in the legume-cereal rotations and at the woodland reference sites. All the microbial parameters and soil organic carbon correlated most strongly with differences in occurrence and relative abundance (β-diversity) of AMF genera in soil. The soil pH and mineral nutrients in soil strongly correlated with differences in AMF root colonization and AMF genus richness (α-diversity) in soil. Diversity of AMF was much less affected by soil texture than land use, while the opposite was true for microbial and chemical soil fertility indicators. Land uses that guaranteed a continuous ground cover of herbaceous plants and that involved only infrequent tillage, such as multiyear alfalfa-winter cereal rotation, allowed members of the AMF genus Scutellospora to persist and remain abundant. On the contrary, under land uses accompanied by frequent tillage and hence discontinuous presence of herbaceous plants, such as tilled olive orchard and vineyard, members of the genus Funneliformis dominated. These results suggest that multiyear alfalfa-winter cereal rotation with active plant growth throughout the year is the least detrimental agricultural land use in soil carbon and AMF abundance and diversity, relative to the woodland reference.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forage Rotations Conserve Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Soil Fertility

2020

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“…Some of them have shifted to cultivation of chilies like Bhoot jolokia (Capsicum chinense Jacq) and earning more profit. Importance of soil properties in increasing productivity of different crops have been emphasized by many scientists (Dakshinamurthy and Ghildyal, 1976;Babalola and Lal, 1977;Lal and Stewart, 2010). Soil properties in tea agroforestry ecosystem is different from other crops as tea is a perennial crop of more than 50 years where it is cultivated with forest tree species and also sometimes with black pepper, areca nut etc in different combinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil nutrient dynamics in tea agroforestry ecosystem ofGolaghat district of Assam

Gogoi

Mishra

Deka

2016

ASD

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The study was conducted in above 50 year old tea plantation in Naharoni, Golaghat district of Assam with the objective to know soil physicochemical properties under long term tea monocropping. A total of 48 soil samples were collected from the rhizosphere zone of tea bush in four seasons namely pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter from three depths i.e.0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm. Soil profile study was also done in non-rhizosphere zone. Soil pH ranged from 4.1 to 4.8 in rhizosphere soils and 4.5 to 5.1 in soil profile. Soils are strongly acidic in reaction. Studied soils were rich in soil organic carbon. In 0-20 cm soil depth of rhizosphere soils organic carbon ranged from 1.32 per cent in monsoon season to 1.82 per cent being highest in winter season. And in subsurface soils it ranged from 0.79-1.25 per cent in 20-40 cm to 0.66-0.78 per cent in 40-60 cm soil depth. In soil profile study it varied between 1.71-0.20 per cent. Irrespective of any season significantly higher concentration of nutrient elements such as N, P and K were recorded in top layer (0-20 cm) of soil. Nutrient elements showed significant seasonal variations. Moderate quantity of available nitrogen was found in all the three depths in rhizosphere soils. Low to medium amount of available nitrogen was recorded in the soil profile of nonrhizosphere soils. Available Phosphorous was recorded high and it ranged between 64.22-71.35 kg ha -1 P 2 O 5 in 0-20 cm soil depth and decreased significantly in the subsurface soils. Medium range of available potassium 185.56-232.68 kg ha -1 K 2 O was recorded in top soils and it was very low in 20-40 and 40-60 cm soil depth. Cations like exchangeable Ca and Mg were also found in low amount and did not show significant seasonal variation. From the results it can be concluded that the soils are poor to moderate in concentration and availability of major soil nutrients and also there is imbalance in their availability with soil depths and seasons.

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“…This low organic matter content can be attributed to the low amount of organic materials applied to the soil and to the complete removal of the biomass in the field, as it was observed by Pansu et al [12]. On the other hand, Lal & Stewart [3] suggest that continuous and intensive cultivation practices can explain the deterioration of the soil aggregates, combined with the low return of plant biomass to the soil in cultivated land. …”

Section: ) Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Although knowledge of the soil quality plays a vital role in the improvement of the production and the productivity of the agricultural sector, there is scarce scientific information available about the magnitude of soil quality changes related to the different land uses [3]. In accordance with the Soil Science Society of America [4], soil quality is defined as the ability of soils to function within the boundaries of a natural or handled ecosystem, to sustain the productivity of plants and animals, to maintain or improve the quality of air and water, and to sustain human health and habitat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Soil Quality Index for Tropical Soils Influenced by Agricultural Activities

Rangel‐Peraza¹,

Padilla-Gasca²,

López-Corrales³

et al. 2017

JACEN

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The knowledge of the soil quality plays a vital role in the agricultural sector. Despite its importance, there is scarce scientific information concerning this regard. The objective of this research is to develop a methodology to identify and select the most appropriate indicators of Soil Quality Index (SQI) in a region with high agricultural activity. For its conformation, a descriptive statistical analysis and a Pearson correlation matrix were performed and the indicators that showed greater variation were identified using a Principal Components Analysis (PCA). A sensitivity analysis was carried out and the most sensible soil indicators of SQI were identified. This statistical procedure was also used to specify the weights of the indicators in SQI. The variables resulting from the multiparametric statistical analysis were pH, organic matter, sodium, calcium, iron, zinc, cation exchange capacity and electrical conductivity. The robustness of the SQI obtained in this study was demonstrated through simulations carried out by the numerical optimization through simplex method. The Soil Quality Index range obtained (0.54 -0.75) locates Culiacan Valley soils as moderate/high quality.

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Food Security and Soil Quality

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Forage Rotations Conserve Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Soil Fertility

Forage Rotations Conserve Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Soil Fertility

Soil nutrient dynamics in tea agroforestry ecosystem ofGolaghat district of Assam

Robust Soil Quality Index for Tropical Soils Influenced by Agricultural Activities

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