Food poisoning by clenbuterol in China

Yan, Hui; Xu, Dan; Meng, Hecheng; Shi, Lin; Li, L.

doi:10.3920/qas2014.x006

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Reports of β 2 -agonist intoxication in Spain and China suggested that the consumption of contaminated animal products was a main cause of poisoning. , Consequently, the residues of salbutamol in internal tissues are of greater concern regarding human health than the residues in urine and plasma samples. In this study, the highest concentrations were found in liver (53.69 ng/g), followed by kidney tissues (32.2 ng/g) on withdrawal day 0.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residues of Salbutamol and Identification of Its Metabolites in Beef Cattle

Zhang

Tang

Meng

et al. 2017

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Salbutamol, a selective β-agonist, endangers the safety of animal products because of its illegal use in food animals. In this work, residues of salbutamol and its metabolites were investigated to select appropriate targets and marker residues for monitoring the illegal use of salbutamol. Ten metabolites of salbutamol were identified from plasma, urine, liver, and kidney samples; of these, six were newly identified. There were significant differences (P < 0.01) between the parent (nonconjugated) and total (conjugated + nonconjugated) salbutamol concentrations in plasma, urine, liver, and kidney tissues. Salbutamol residues in urine were relatively higher than those in plasma and other internal tissues during the dosing period and were rapidly eliminated from plasma, heart, spleen, and kidney tissues during the withdrawal time. Total salbutamol was identified as more preferable than parent salbutamol as a marker residue, and urine and eye tissues were found to be more suitable as targets for preslaughter and postslaughter monitoring of the illegal use of salbutamol in beef cattle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residues of Salbutamol and Identification of Its Metabolites in Beef Cattle

Zhang

Tang

Meng

et al. 2017

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…β‐agonists may also increase the risk of acute asthma attacks (Xu et al, 2019). Many cases of food poisoning have been reported due to the consumption of food contaminated with β‐agonists, particularly after clenbuterol use (Wang, Liu, Su, & Zhu, 2015; Wu et al, 2015; Yan, Xu, Meng, Shi, & Li, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The determination of β‐agonist residues in bovine tissues using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Yikilmaz¹,

Kuzukiran

Erdogan³

et al. 2020

Biomedical Chromatography

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We aimed to develop a rapid, simple and reproducible method based on LC–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to analyze β‐agonist residues (clenbuterol, zilpaterol, ractopamine and isoxsuprine) in bovine tissues. The method was validated in accordance with the European Council Decision 2002/657/EC. The samples were homogenized, and then 10 mL of an acetate buffer was added to a 5‐g sample. The sample was then centrifuged at 12,000 rpm and filtered. Sodium hydroxide (2 m) was added to adjust pH of the sample that was centrifuged again. The extract was filtered through a solid‐phase extraction column. The residue was re‐dissolved in 250 μL acetonitrile and then subjected to LC–MS/MS. The separation was done on a C18 column. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid in deionized water and 0.1% formic acid in methanol. The mean recoveries of β‐agonists were in the range of 84.3%–119.1% with relative standard deviations (%RSDs) of 0.683%–4.05%. Decision limits and detection capabilities of the analytes ranged from 0.0960 to 4.9349 μg/kg and from 0.0983 to 5.0715, respectively. This method was used to detect four β‐agonists in 100 bovine muscle, 100 liver and 100 kidney tissues from a slaughterhouse. No residue was found above the maximum residue limit level.

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“…So clenbuterol is banned for addition in animal feeds in many countries, but illegal abuse of clenbuterol never stopped. Since 1998, clenbuterol poisoning incidents occurred frequently in China, especially in March 2011, Shuanghui Co. clenbuterol events caused great concern of worldwide . The current detection methods for clenbuterol mainly include gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography (LC), surface molecularly imprinted polymers, enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), electrochemical analysis, , capillary electro-phoresis, fluorescence biosensor, and so on.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since 1998, clenbuterol poisoning incidents occurred frequently in China, especially in March 2011, Shuanghui Co. clenbuterol events caused great concern of worldwide. 7 The current detection methods for clenbuterol mainly include gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 8 liquid chromatography (LC), 9 surface molecularly imprinted polymers, 10 enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), 11 electrochemical analysis, 12,13 capillary electrophoresis, 14 fluorescence biosensor, 15 and so on. However, these methods need costly instruments or complicated process, making them a difficult operation and time-consuming.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rapid Colorimetric Sensor of Clenbuterol Based on Cysteamine-Modified Gold Nanoparticles

Kang

Zhang

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Demonstrated was a simple visual and rapid colorimetric sensor for detection of clenbuterol (CLB) based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) modified with cysteamine (CA) and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-vis. The solution color from red to blue gray with increasing clenbuterol concentration resulted from the aggregation of AuNPs. The detection limit of clenbuterol is 50 nM by naked eyes. The selectivity of CA-AuNPs detection system for clenbuterol is excellent compared with other interferents in food. This sensor has been successfully applied to detect clenbuterol in real blood sample.

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Food poisoning by clenbuterol in China

Cited by 30 publications

References 35 publications

Residues of Salbutamol and Identification of Its Metabolites in Beef Cattle

Residues of Salbutamol and Identification of Its Metabolites in Beef Cattle

The determination of β‐agonist residues in bovine tissues using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

A Rapid Colorimetric Sensor of Clenbuterol Based on Cysteamine-Modified Gold Nanoparticles

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