Food of Slugs in Mixed Deciduous Woodland

Jennings, Terry; Barkham, J. P.

doi:10.2307/3543711

Cited by 73 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This means that each species has a specific range of host plants and is more willing to eat the plants it finds palatable and which, as a result, sustain more damage. This conclusion confirms the results of earlier studies on feeding preferences of slugs and snails in relation to different species of crop and non-crop plants (cates & orians 1975, JenninGs & barkhaM 1975, dirzo 1980, webbe & laMbert 1983, Mølgaard 1986, sPeiser et al 1992, hanley et al 1995, cook et al 1996, briner & franK 1998, clark et al 1999, franK & friedli 1999, keller et al 1999, franK 2003. The reasons behind the varying extent of damage are better understood only for some slug species and plant cultivars.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Susceptibility of field bean cultivars to slug damage

Jaskulska¹,

Kozłowski²,

Kozłowska³

2017

Folia Malac.

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In recent years field bean crops (Vicia faba) have been frequently attacked by slugs. As there are no molluscicides registered for protection of field beans against slugs, alternative anti-slug measures are needed. One of them may be using specific cultivar properties of the plant. The aim of the study was to assess the susceptibility of different field bean cultivars to damage by slugs and to identify the effect of tannin content in plants on the extent of damage. The experiments were performed in the laboratory and in experimental plot conditions on seeds and plants at stages of 3-4 and 5-6 true leaves, which were exposed to Arion vulgaris (Moquin-Tandon) and A. rufus (Linnaeus). The extent of damage was analysed in four cultivars with low seed tannin content and five with high seed tannin content. The extent of damage to the seeds and plants varied depending on the cultivar and the slug species. The plants of the high-tannin Optimal cultivar were less susceptible to damage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Susceptibility of field bean cultivars to slug damage

Jaskulska¹,

Kozłowski²,

Kozłowska³

2017

Folia Malac.

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“…This polyphagous genus may feed on various agricultural crops and woodland plant species (Jennings and Barkham 1975). They can be found in various habitats such as forests (Beyer and Saari 1977), agroforestry systems and agricultural fields (Griffiths et al 1998).…”

Section: Slugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf ontogeny interacts with Bt modification to affect innate resistance in GM aspens

Axelsson

Hjältén²,

Whitham³

et al. 2011

Chemoecology

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Bioassays with a non-target slug (Deroceras spp.) and chemical analyses were conducted using leaf tissue from already existing genetically modified insect-resistant aspen trees to examine whether genetic modifications to produce Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins could affect plant phytochemistry, which in turn might influence plantherbivore interactions. Three major patterns emerged. First, two independent modifications for Bt resistance affected the phytochemical profiles of leaves such that both were different from the isogenic wild-type (Wt) control leaves, but also different from each other. Among the contributors to these differences are substances with a presumed involvement in resistance, such as salicortin and soluble condensed tannins. Second, bioassays with one Bt line suggest that the modification somehow affected innate resistance (''Innate'' is used here in opposition to the ''acquired'' Bt resistance) in ways such that slugs preferred Bt over Wt leaves. Third, the preference test suggests that the innate resistance in Bt relative to Wt plants may not be uniformly expressed throughout the whole plant and that leaf ontogeny interacts with the modification to affect resistance. This was manifested through an ontogenetic determined increase in leaf consumption that was more than four times higher in Bt compared to Wt leaves. Our result are of principal importance, as these indicate that genetic modifications can affect innate resistance and thus non-target herbivores in ways that may have commercial and/or environmental consequences. The finding of a modification-ontogeny interaction effect on innate resistance may be especially important in assessments of GM plants with a long lifespan such as trees.

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“…Although the palatability of a particular plant species varied little when fed to different mollusc species (Jennings and Barkham 1975;Rathcke 1985;Scheidel and Bruelheide 1999a) or even to different generalist herbivores (Grime et al 1996;Wardle et al 1998;Hendriks et al 1999), there were strong differences in palatability between plant species. Most Compositae species tested have been found to be highly palatable to molluscs in food choice experiments (Getz 1959;Grime et al 1968Grime et al , 1996Briner and Frank 1998;Hendriks et al 1999;Scheidel and Bruelheide 1999a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Altitudinal differences in herbivory on montane Compositae species

Scheidel¹,

Bruelheide²

2001

Oecologia

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To test whether the range of montane Compositae species may be restricted to higher sites because of greater herbivory levels in the lowlands, we transplanted six species, combining them in three species pairs each consisting of a rare montane and a widespread species. Individuals of all species were planted at four sites of different altitude ranging from the lowlands to the subalpine Mt. Brocken in the Harz mountains, Germany. Food choice experiments with three mollusc species indicated that the montane plant was more palatable in the species pair Senecio hercynicus/S. ovatus, but the widespread plant was more palatable in the species pair Petasites albus/Tussilago farfara. In the third pair (Cicerbita alpina/Mycelis muralis), neither species was preferred. In the field, species-specific herbivory levels differed in their amount, in their interaction with plant phenology and in their effect on mortality. They only partially reflected the laboratory food choice results. We found clear differences between the lowest and the highest site for all species, but a continuous decrease in herbivory with altitude was only detected in three of the six species.

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Food of Slugs in Mixed Deciduous Woodland

Cited by 73 publications

References 9 publications

Susceptibility of field bean cultivars to slug damage

Susceptibility of field bean cultivars to slug damage

Leaf ontogeny interacts with Bt modification to affect innate resistance in GM aspens

Altitudinal differences in herbivory on montane Compositae species

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