Food intake, growth, maintenance and food conversion efficiency in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus auratus)

Klaoudatos, Spiros; Apostolopoulos, J.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(86)90313-3

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…At a high ration, a further increase in ration results in little or no increase in growth rate; indeed, Brett et al (1969) defined a maximum ration for Oncorhynchus nerka as the ration above which growth rate did not increase, though maximum ration is usually defined as the ad libitum ration (Elliott, 1979). A linear relationship has been used to describe a portion of the growth rate-ration curve (e.g., Klaoudatos & Apostolopoulos, 1986). However, few attempts have been made to model the entire range of the growth rate-ration curve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioenergetics of growth of a cyprinid, Phoxinus phoxinus (L.): the effect of ration and temperature on growth rate and efficiency

Cui

Wootton

1988

Journal of Fish Biology

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Growth of minnows, Phoxinus phoxinus, weighing 1-54 g was studied experimentally at five ration levels from starvation to adlibirum and four temperatures ranging from 5 to 15" C. The relationship between specific growth rate (SGR) and ration was a decelerating curve. SGR at maximum rations increased with increased temperature. but at restricted rations it decreased with increased temperature. Predictive models for the specific growth rates were developed using multiple regression. Maintenance rations and optimum rations both increased with increased temperature. Maintenance rations were less sensitive to temperature than optimum rations and mostly lay between 1 and 2% of body weight per day. Conversion efficiencies increased with increased ration from zero value at the maintenance ration to a peak at the optimum ration, then decreased with further increases in ration. At a given restricted ration level, conversion efficiencies generally decreased with increased temperature. At maximum rations, conversion efficiencies were relatively insensitive to temperature. Growth in wet weight, dry weight and energy content showed similar responses to ration, temperature and body weight.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioenergetics of growth of a cyprinid, Phoxinus phoxinus (L.): the effect of ration and temperature on growth rate and efficiency

Cui

Wootton

1988

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…According to Klaoudatos and Apostolopoulos (1986) the relationship between the daily rate of feeding -f (per cent Wet Weight of food/fish Wet Weight) of Sparus aurata, and the daily rate of growth -g, follows a first order linear regression: g = 0.18676 f-0.38795. From this equation, the daily rate of feeding can be estimated, as well as the quantity of food consumed per day and the total food consumed during a period of time.…”

Section: Sparus Aurata Food Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relationship between daily rate of feeding f (%) and daily consumption with fish body weight and total food consumed after a year. Initial fish weight: 2 g. Klaoudatos and Apostolopoulos (1986) determined the relationship between f and g, feeding the fish with pieces of jack mackerel without bones or skin. All the calculations were done using wet weights (WW).…”

Section: Sparus Aurata Food Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable management of a coastal lagoonal system (Ria Formosa, Portugal): An ecological model for extensive aquaculture

Gamito

1997

International Journal of Salt Lake Research

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Abstract. The Ria Formosa lies in southern Portugal, extending for about 55 km. It is a true barrier island system, comprising mainland, backbarrier lagoons, inlet deltas, barrier islands, barrier platforms and shoreface. Of the Ria Formosa system, which covers a total area of 163 km% 20 km 2 are occupied by salinas and aquaculture ponds. The main water reservoir of the salinas and the extensive aquaculture ponds behave like small lagoons where there are one or more openings to a tidal channel. These small lagoons have the advantage of being easy to study and to model.An ecological model was developed to estimate the potential production of the gilthead seabream in the Ria Formosa, in an extensive aquaculture regime. This model was based on information concerning chemical and physical factors (forcing functions) and secondary production estimates from four sites in the Ria Formosa with different environmental conditions, where extensive aquaculture is practised. Published information on optimal growth parameters of the gilthead was used to build the model, which was based on some assumptions concerning the detrimental effect of an excessive increase of salinity and other environmental factors both on gilthead growth (one state variable) and on prey production (divided into two state variables), which is essentially benthic macrofauna.Reservoirs with low water renewal undergo large environmental fluctuations. The growth of gilthead or other fish can be difficult, not only because of the adverse environmental conditions but also because of the low secondary production. The maximum yield of fish is predicted to be less than 6 g m -2. In reservoirs where the water exchanges on almost every tide, the maximum yield of gilthead can be in excess of 22-25 g m -2. Nevertheless, the high productivity of these sites in terms of secondary production of benthos and fish, as well as primary production, can lead to oxygen depletion during the night or at day-break. An attempt to further improve fish production by fertilisation or by adding food could provoke a rapid deterioration of the water quality and endanger all production.

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“…The relationship between food consumption and growth is an important ecological variable and is a necessary base for the development of aquaculture (Klaoudatos & Apostolopoulos, 1986). No information is available on feeding frequency and its effect on food utilization in the Argentine coastal sciaenid, Mic'ropogonias,furnieri (Desmarest).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding frequency in juvenile croaker, Micropogonias fmnieri (Desmarest) (Pisces: Sciaenidae)

Abud

1990

Journal of Fish Biology

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The relationship between food consumption and growth is an important ecological variable and is a necessary base for the development of aquaculture (Klaoudatos & Apostolopoulos, 1986). No information is available on feeding frequency and its effect on food utilization in the Argentine coastal sciaenid, Mic'ropogonias,furnieri (Desmarest).The fishes used for this study were between 16.6-21.7 g and 115-125 mm and were obtained from Bahia Samborombon (36"lS'S: 56'SO'W) and Laguna de Mar Chiquita (37'45's: 57"30'W) on the Buenos Aires Province coast, during spring and summer 1988. They were placed in a rectangular 60 1 aquarium and acclimatized for 2 weeks. The aquarium was divided into four sections by plastic nets. The feeding schedule was: section A, once in 3 days; section B. once in 2 days; section C, once a day; section D, twice a day. The test fish of section D were fed at 08.00 and 18.00 hours, leaving at least 10 h between both meals to allow stomachs to empty (Chiechomski, 1980). The experiment was done in duplicate for 17 days, with salinity at 19%0 and a temperature range of 19-21" C . Water was replaced every 4 days to prevent ammonia accumulation. Faeces were collected daily by sucking the bottom of each section and filtering through filter paper. Subsequently, the faeces were dried in a stove at 60" C for 72 h. Minced squid muscle, I1le.u argentinus (Castellanos) were offered as food at 10% fish wet weight. The energetic equivalents were determined by a Baird and Tatlock calorimetric bomb. The energetic budget was obtained from the formula C = F + U + G + Mwhere C is the total energy of food; F, the energy lost in the faeces; U , the energy of nitrogenous excretory wastes; G, the energy assimilated as new tissue (growth); and M, the total metabolic energy. All values are in cal. wet weight-' day-'. Excretion ( U ) , was assumed as 7% of food energy (Valiela et al., 1977).The feeding rate increased with increasing feeding frequency (Fig. I). The highest feeding frequency. section D, yielded decreased feeding, absorption and growth rates. Absorption efficiency was not affected during the experiment, and remained around 98%, while metabolic rate increased up to 7.3% with the highest feeding frequency (Table I). The energetic expenditure produced by specific dynamic action (SDA) of food, increased the metabolic level with increasing feeding frequency. These processes subtract energy to build new tissue, diminishing growth and showing the smallest conversion efficiency in section D (18.84%). According to Vahl(l979), blood should have a maximum carrying capacity and the level of SDA should reflect the degree of negative feedback from the metabolites in blood. Because of the time lag between ingestion and the contribution of the meal to the level of metabolites, the 10 h interval between meals in section D was insufficient for good food utilization. According to our data, the trophic optimum of food utilization in this species was reached 987 0022-1 I12:90f012987+02 $03.00/0 0 1990 The Fisheries Society of th...

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Food intake, growth, maintenance and food conversion efficiency in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus auratus)

Cited by 18 publications

References 12 publications

Bioenergetics of growth of a cyprinid, Phoxinus phoxinus (L.): the effect of ration and temperature on growth rate and efficiency

Bioenergetics of growth of a cyprinid, Phoxinus phoxinus (L.): the effect of ration and temperature on growth rate and efficiency

Sustainable management of a coastal lagoonal system (Ria Formosa, Portugal): An ecological model for extensive aquaculture

Effect of feeding frequency in juvenile croaker, Micropogonias fmnieri (Desmarest) (Pisces: Sciaenidae)

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