Food Intake and Mortality in the Frail Elderly

Frisoni, Giovanni B.; Franzoni, Simone; Rozzini, Renzo; Ferrucci, Luigi; Boffelli, Stefano; Trabucchi, Marco

doi:10.1093/gerona/50a.4.m203

Cited by 47 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…One important characteristic of this diet appears to be the high contribution of olive oil increasing the mono-unsaturated to saturated fat ratio even with a total fat intake of about 40% of total energy intake (Trichopoulou et al, 1995b). The one study that related macronutrient composition of the diet to survival revealed that decreasing protein and lipid intake were increasingly associated with mortality, while carbohydrate intake showed a threshold effect in frail elderly patients (Frisoni et al, 1995). The latter study points to the importance of suf®cient food intake.…”

Section: Differences Between Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of macronutrient intake in elderly people

2000

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An understanding of the determinants of nutritional intake may be helpful in the early detection and prevention of malnutrition. A vast amount of literature exists on factors in¯uencing daily energy or food intake. Although far less is known about population and subject characteristics in¯uencing the macronutrient composition of the diet, associations appear to exist with cultural factors, snacking and disease. The literature does not provide suf®cient evidence in support of relationships with other factors such as living situation, dentition, disability, depression and drug use, partly because information on determinants of macronutrient intake is scarce. Descriptors: aging; macronutrient intake; disease

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Section: Differences Between Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of macronutrient intake in elderly people

2000

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“…A good appetite is generally regarded as a sign of good health and a decreasing willingness or acceptance of food could be an early sign of the process of worsening health (Frisoni et al 1995). Since this process might be one of the indicators of frailty, attendance to this problem is of major importance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary supplements and physical exercise on sensory perception, appetite, dietary intake and body weight in frail elderly subjects

et al. 2000

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This present study investigated the effect of a 17-week intervention programme with nutrientdense foods (enriched with vitamins and minerals at 25±100 % of the Dutch recommended dietary allowance) and/or physical exercise in 159 frail elderly subjects (forty-six men, 113 women, mean age 78×7 (SD 5×6) years). Subjects were randomized into four groups: (1) control, (2) nutrition intervention, (3) exercise or (4) both nutrition intervention and exercise. Main outcome variables were sensory perception (smell test and questionnaire), appetite (questionnaire), energy intake (3 d food record) and body weight (on a weighing scale and with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements). At baseline, moderate but signi®cant correlations were found between appetite and energy intake (r 0×30, P , 0×0001), between smell test and smell perception assessed by questionnaire (r 0×40, P , 0×0001) and between lean body weight and energy intake (r 0×50, P , 0×0001). Results after 17-weeks intervention revealed neither change in smell test scores (P = 0×19) nor in appetite (P = 0×17). A slight positive effect of exercise compared with non-exercising groups on energy intake (difference 0×5 MJ, P = 0×05) was shown next to a preserving effect of exercise on lean body mass (+0×08 kg) compared with a decrease (-0×4 kg) in non-exercisers (P , 0×02). The correlation between the change in lean body mass and change in energy intake was 0×18 (P = 0×05). In conclusion, an interesting preserving effect on lean body mass in frail elderly subjects due to 17 weeks of exercise was shown. Since a decline in lean body mass was observed in the non-exercisers, effects may be attributable to change in activity pattern. Changes in lean mass were also slightly, but signi®cantly, correlated with changes in energy intake. In turn, energy intake was not related to a change in reported appetite or sensory perception. Nutrient-dense foods were not able to improve any of the outcome variables in this study.

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“…Other studies [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] have examined causes of weight change and its impact on morbidity and mortality in community dwelling as well as institutionalized older persons. No studies, however, have attempted to link patterns of weight change and feeding dysfunction with cause of death in a demented population.…”

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Weight Loss, Dysphagia, and Outcome in Advanced Dementia

1998

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There has been much debate on the value and risks of long-term enteral feeding in patients with advanced dementia. A retrospective study was carried out on 47 patients with a primary diagnosis of dementia who died over a two-year period. All were inpatients in a nursing home or skilled nursing facility. Marked weight loss and dysphagia occurring in a specific pattern were found to be associated with death from pneumonia. These clinical features probably imply failure of basic homeostatic mechanisms. Patients showing this clinical pattern may be less likely to show benefits from long-term enteral feeding.

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Food Intake and Mortality in the Frail Elderly

Abstract: Food intake is a strong predictor of survival even in moderately diseased elderly patients, suggesting possible low-cost interventions.

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

Determinants of macronutrient intake in elderly people

Determinants of macronutrient intake in elderly people

Effect of dietary supplements and physical exercise on sensory perception, appetite, dietary intake and body weight in frail elderly subjects

Weight Loss, Dysphagia, and Outcome in Advanced Dementia

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