Food habits and temporal activity patterns of the Golden Jackal Canis aureus and the Jungle Cat Felis chaus in Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh

Majumder, Aniruddha; Sankar, Kalyanasundaram; Qureshi, Qamar; Basu, Santanu

doi:10.11609/jott.o2713.2221-5

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…According to Prater [81], jungle cat is diurnal as well as crepuscular and can even kill porcupine species which are nocturnal. In this study, jungle cat is found to be strictly nocturnal as reported by Majumder et al [85], though our result is insignificant because of only three captures of a jungle cat. The small Indian civets and large Indian civets are found active in nocturnal hours which is consistent with other reported studies [86,87]; whereas with 69% photographs in darker hours of Asian palm civet also supports other study of Duckworth [88] and Azlan [89] which suggests crepuscular or nocturnal nature of the species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Catch me if you can: Species interactions and moon illumination effect on mammals of tropical semi-evergreen forest of Manas National Park, Assam, India

Bhatt

Habib

Sarma³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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9Species interaction plays a vital role in structuring communities by stimulating behavioral 10 responses in temporal niche affecting the sympatric associations and prey-predator 11 relationships. We studied relative abundance indices (RAI) and activity patterns of each 12 species, temporal overlap between sympatric species, and effects of moon cycle on predator-13 prey relationships, through camera-trapping in tropical semi-evergreen forests of Manas 14 National Park. A total of 35 species were photo-captured with 16214 independent records over 15 7337 trap nights. Overall, relatively high number of photographs was obtained for large 16 herbivores (11 species, n=13669), and low number of photographs were recorded for large 17 carnivores (five species, n=657). Activity periods were classified into four categories: diurnal 18 (day-time), nocturnal (night-time), crepuscular (twilight), and cathemeral (day and night time) 19 of which 52% records were found in diurnal period followed by 37% in nocturnal phase 20 whereas only 11% photographs during twilight. Small carnivores were strictly nocturnal 21 (leopard cat and civets) or diurnal (yellow-throated marten and mongooses); whereas large 22 carnivores were cathemeral (tiger, leopard, clouded leopard and Asiatic black bear). Analysis 2 23 of activity patterns throughout the 24-h cycle revealed a high degree of temporal overlap 24 (>60%) among most of the sympatric species; however, differences in the activity peaks were 25 found between most of the species pairs. Moon phase was classified according to the 26 percentage of visible moon surface as new (0-25%), waxing (25-50%), waning (50-75%) and 27 full moon (75-100%). Moon phase did not have any correlation with activity of large carnivore 28 and large prey. The large carnivore followed the feed and starve pattern of cyclic activity. The 29 activity of small carnivore was influenced negatively by moonlight ( partial correlation r = -0.221, 30 p<0.01). The result suggests that large carnivores were active non-differentially across moon 31 phases; however, small carnivores showed significantly high activity in darker nights. These 32 patterns indicate that small predators may differ their activity temporally as an anti-predator 33 strategy or otherwise to increase their foraging efficiency. 34 Keywords 35 Camera-trapping, tropical forest, temporal overlap, sympatric, moon phase, prey-predator 36 relationship 37 42 carnivores, interspecific interactions are particularly relevant because of their role in the top-43 down control and also serve as flagship species in the conservation of biodiversity in many 44 terrestrial ecosystems [4]. Though, given the vital role of consumers and through trophic 45 cascades, changes in the environment could promote an increase of medium-sized carnivores 3 46 or mesopredators, due to top predator removal [5] which can cause substantial changes in the 47 dynamics of interaction among sympatric species [6], with adverse effects on subordinate 48 species. Thus, to minimize risks, subo...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Catch me if you can: Species interactions and moon illumination effect on mammals of tropical semi-evergreen forest of Manas National Park, Assam, India

Bhatt

Habib

Sarma³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…In the wild, peafowl prefer roosting at night in tall trees with thick understories. By sleeping at these sites, peafowl likely reduce their risk of predation from nocturnal predators (such as leopards and jungle cats; Trivedi and Johnsingh, 1996 ) that are active in both cold and warm temperatures ( Majumder et al, 2011 ; Chattha et al, 2015 ). Future studies that examine whether peafowl adjust their thermoregulatory behavior relative to their exact sleeping site would be interesting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoregulatory postures limit antipredator responses in peafowl

et al. 2018

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Many animals inhabit environments where they experience temperature fluctuations. One way in which animals can adjust to these temperature changes is through behavioral thermoregulation. However, we know little about the thermal benefits of postural changes and the costs they may incur. In this study, we examined the thermoregulatory role of two postures, the head-tuck and leg-tuck posture, in peafowl (Pavo cristatus) and evaluated whether the head-tuck posture imposes a predation cost. The heads and legs of peafowl are significantly warmer when the birds exhibit these postures, demonstrating that these postures serve an important thermoregulatory role. In addition, the birds are slower to respond to an approaching threat when they display the head-tuck posture, suggesting that a thermoregulatory posture can limit antipredator behavior.

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“…Several other studies conducted in different protected areas of the Indian subcontinent indicate that vegetative matter (grasses, pods of Prosopis juliflora and Cassia fistula, fruits of Ziziphus spp. and Syzigium cuminii), are another important component of Golden Jackal diet's (Schaller 1967;Mukherjee 1989;Gupta 2006;Majumder et al 2011;Nadeem et al 2012;Alam et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individual Golden Jackals sighted regulary through out the Sanctuaty during the study period numbered 2-8. The scats of Golden Jackal were distinguished from other carnivores (e.g., Common Palm Civet, Indian Fox, stray dogs, Fishing Cat and Jungle Cat) on the basis of their size, shape and associated signs (Weaver & Fritts 1979;Green & Flinders 1981;Mukherjee et al 2004;Majumder et al 2011;Nadeem et al 2012). Ambiguous scats were avoided during data collection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Winter food habits of the Golden Jackal <I>Canis aureus</I> (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) in Patna Bird Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh, India</b>

Khan¹,

Khan²,

Mohan³

2017

J. Threat. Taxa

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Food habits and temporal activity patterns of the Golden Jackal Canis aureus and the Jungle Cat Felis chaus in Pench Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh

Cited by 38 publications

References 15 publications

Catch me if you can: Species interactions and moon illumination effect on mammals of tropical semi-evergreen forest of Manas National Park, Assam, India

Catch me if you can: Species interactions and moon illumination effect on mammals of tropical semi-evergreen forest of Manas National Park, Assam, India

Thermoregulatory postures limit antipredator responses in peafowl

<b>Winter food habits of the Golden Jackal <I>Canis aureus</I> (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) in Patna Bird Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh, India</b>

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