Food groups consumed by infants and toddlers in urban areas of China

Pan, Yu; Denney, Liya; Zheng, Yan; Vinyes-Parés, Gerard; Reidy, Kathleen; Eldridge, Alison L.; Wang, Peiyu; Zhang, Yumei

doi:10.3402/fnr.v60.30289

Cited by 29 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Although, the intake of dairy products is increasing in the overall Chinese population, the lower than recommended daily intake for these toddlers may have been because dairy is traditionally not part of the Chinese toddler's diet. A lower dairy intake among Chinese toddlers was reported in our previous study [37].…”

Section: Food Intake From Ffqsupporting

confidence: 38%

Dietary Intake of Gangliosides and Correlation with Serum Ganglioside Concentration: Cross-Sectional Study among Chinese Toddlers Aged 24-48 Months

Tan¹,

Zhao²,

Fong³

et al. 2019

JFNR

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Gangliosides are a group of sialic-acid-containing sphingolipids, found in brain and neural tissues. The various biological roles of gangliosides have been well reported and include calcium homeostasis, regulation of neurons, neural repair, immune system functions, and cellular functions. Furthermore, dietary gangliosides have been shown to improve cognitive development in the early postnatal period and to increase brain neuroplasticity. However, the dietary intake status of gangliosides among Chinese toddlers is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the dietary intake and food source of gangliosides among Chinese toddlers and to probe its correlation with serum ganglioside concentration. Total of 213 Chinese toddlers aged 24-48 months were enrolled in this crosssectional study in Beijing and Xuchang City, China. A food frequency questionnaire and 24-h dietary recall methods were used to collect both long-and short-term dietary information. Food items selected from dietary records and blood serum samples collected from 197 toddlers were analyzed for ganglioside composition using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The average dietary total ganglioside intake among the Chinese toddlers was 4.21 mg/day. Dairy products, meats, and growing-up milk powders were the predominant food sources of dietary gangliosides with relative proportions of 38, 31, and 29% of the daily dietary total ganglioside intake, respectively. The average serum total ganglioside concentration was 14.86 μg/mL, with GM3 making up 96%. No significant correlation was found between the dietary total ganglioside intake and the serum total ganglioside concentration. As this correlation was inconclusive, further investigation is required to understand ganglioside metabolism and the mechanisms contributing to the role of gangliosides in the growth and cognitive development of toddlers.

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Section: Food Intake From Ffqsupporting

confidence: 38%

Dietary Intake of Gangliosides and Correlation with Serum Ganglioside Concentration: Cross-Sectional Study among Chinese Toddlers Aged 24-48 Months

Tan¹,

Zhao²,

Fong³

et al. 2019

JFNR

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“…We have previously reported the percentage of children consuming foods from specific food groups in the three populations [8][9][10]. The present study provides further insights by reporting quantities of the foods consumed and comparing the data across the three culturally diverse populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Differences in Complementary Feeding of 6 to 23 Month Olds in China, US and Mexico

Denney¹

2016

JNHFS

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The transition from exclusive breastfeeding to family foods, referred to as complementary feeding, typically covers the period from 6 to 18-24 months of age [1]. Since children under two years of age have high nutrient needs to support their rapid growth and development but consume relatively small amounts of food at a time, complementary foods need to be far more nutrient-dense than foods consumed by adults [2]. The introduction of complementary food is influenced by cultural and traditional beliefs [3-5]. Food culture and habits in a country influence the ability to meet nutritional needs of infants and young children during the feeding transition. We have previously reported risk of inadequate intakes of fat, vitamin B6 and folate and high sodium intake in China [6] and low fiber and high saturated fat intakes that exceeded recommendations in the US [7]. In addition, we have reported high proportions of infants and young children consume sugar sweetened beverages and sweets in the US and Mexico [8, 9] and high proportions of infants and young children in China consume refined rice while low proportions consume vegetables [10]. Up to now, quantities of complementary foods have not been reported and few studies have compared differences in complementary foods consumed and how consumption of major food groups shifts with age across different parts of the world. This type of information can be useful for health professionals as it provides context to understand culture-specific complementary feeding practices. Hence, the aim of this study is to describe and compare complementary foods consumed in China, US and Mexico using data from the dietary surveys conducted in the three countries.

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“…All food and beverages were categorized as one of the 80 food groups. Percent consuming was expressed by percentage of individuals who consumed specific foods or food groups at least once in the 24-h dietary recall, regardless of the amount consumed [20]. The percentage contribution of each food group was calculated by summing the amount of energy by each food group and then dividing by the total energy intake consumed in the total population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Wealth Status on Food Intake Patterns in Filipino School-Aged Children and Adolescents

et al. 2019

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Socio-economic status (SES) has an impact on food consumption in developing countries. However, the impact of SES on dietary patterns in Filipino school-aged children is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to fill this knowledge gap, using data from the 2013 National Nutrition Survey. Dietary intake of 11,691 children (6–18 years) were assessed using a 24-h recall. All food and beverages were assigned to one of 85 food groups. Mean daily intake, percent consuming (prevalence), and contribution to energy intake were determined, and stratified by SES, in 6–9 years old, 10–12 years old, and 13–18 years old. Rice was the most consumed food and the primary source of energy across all three age groups, independent of SES. Children of poor SES presented greater consumption of fish, vegetables, fruit, and table sugar (p < 0.05). In comparison, children of rich and middle SES presented greater consumption of milk, chicken, pork, sausages, and soft-drinks (p < 0.05). In conclusion, SES impacts the type of foods consumed by Filipino children, with children in the poorest households being most at risk of consuming low-variety diets. This analysis could be used to support public health strategies to improve dietary diversity, and potentially nutrient intake, in Filipino children.

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Food groups consumed by infants and toddlers in urban areas of China

Cited by 29 publications

References 44 publications

Dietary Intake of Gangliosides and Correlation with Serum Ganglioside Concentration: Cross-Sectional Study among Chinese Toddlers Aged 24-48 Months

Dietary Intake of Gangliosides and Correlation with Serum Ganglioside Concentration: Cross-Sectional Study among Chinese Toddlers Aged 24-48 Months

Differences in Complementary Feeding of 6 to 23 Month Olds in China, US and Mexico

The Impact of Wealth Status on Food Intake Patterns in Filipino School-Aged Children and Adolescents

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