Food groups and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies

Bechthold, Angela; Boeing, Heiner; Schwedhelm, Carolina; Hoffmann, Georg; Knüppel, Sven; Iqbal, Khalid; Henauw, Stefaan De; Michels, Nathalie; Devleesschauwer, Brecht; Schlesinger, Sabrina; Schwingshackl, Lukas

doi:10.1080/10408398.2017.1392288

Cited by 489 publications

(568 citation statements)

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“…Our strategy for the present systematic review is an extension of a pre-defined and published protocol, [19] and has already been implemented by several published meta-analyses investigating the association between 12 food groups and risk of all-cause mortality [4], T2D [2], CHD, stroke, heart failure [1], hypertension [3], and CRC [5]. This meta-analysis followed the guidelines for reporting proposed by the Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) [20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We could show that higher intakes of whole grains, vegetables, fruit, nuts, legumes, dairy, and fish were associated with lower risk of T2D, CHD, stroke, hypertension, and CRC, whereas higher intakes of red and processed meat and SSB were associated with higher risk [1][2][3][4][5][6]. When investigating the interrelationships between diet and health to formulate public health recommendations, foods or food groups should be used in favour of single nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Included studies investigated the association between potato intake (total potato, French fries, and boiled/baked/mashed potato consumption) on risk of allcause mortality, CHD, stroke, heart failure, CRC, T2D, and hypertension in adults (≥ 18 years). The definitions of the corresponding chronic diseases were based on the previously published meta-analyses [1][2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, no metaanalysis has been carried out to date to summarize the association between potato consumption and risk of chronic disease. To be consistent with the studies already carried out [1][2][3][4][5][6], we aimed to meta-analyse the association between consumption of different types of potato with the risk of either all-cause mortality, CHD, stroke, hypertension, CRC, or T2D. To explore the shape of the relationship, we explored highest vs. lowest intake categories as well as linear and non-linear relationships.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potatoes and risk of chronic disease: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Purpose We aimed to synthesize the evidence on the relation between different types of potato consumption with risk of all-cause mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, type 2 diabetes (T2D), colorectal cancer (CRC), and hypertension. Methods Systematic searches until May 2018 were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Random effects meta-analyses comparing extreme categories, linear and non-linear dose-response analyses were conducted. Results Twenty-eight reports were identified. Only total potato consumption was available for some endpoints which showed no associations with all-cause mortality (RR: 0.88, 95% CI 0.69-1.12), CHD (RR: 1.03, 95% CI 0.96-1.09), stroke (RR: 0.98, 95% CI 0.93-1.03), and CRC (RR: 1.05, 95% CI 0.92-1.20) per one daily/serving (150 g/day) increase. Consumption of one daily serving of boiled/baked/mashed-potatoes was not associated with risk of hypertension (RR: 1.08, 95% CI 0.96-1.21), but slightly with the risk of T2D (RR: 1.09, 95% 1.01-1.18). Positive associations for the risk of T2D (RR: 1.66, 95% CI 1.43-1.94) and hypertension (RR: 1.37, 95% CI 1.15-1.63) were observed for each 150 g/day increase in Frenchfries consumption. The quality of evidence was rated mostly low (moderate quality of evidence for the risk-associations of French-fries). Conclusion Total potato consumption is not related to risk for many chronic diseases but could pose a small increase in risk for T2D if consumed boiled. A clear risk relation was found between French-fries consumption and risk of T2D and hypertension. For several outcomes, the impact of different preparation procedures could not be assessed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potatoes and risk of chronic disease: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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“…Table 3 gives an overview of the NutriGrade judgement on the association between intake of food groups and the risk of chronic diseases derived from meta-analyses of cohort studies (103)(104)(105)(106)(107) . The credibility of evidence was rated high for the inverse association between whole grain intake and the risk of all-cause mortality and T2D, as well as for the positive association between red meat, processed meat and SSB and the risk of T2D.…”

Section: Meta-analyses Of Cohort Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generating the evidence for risk reduction: a contribution to the future of food-based dietary guidelines

et al. 2018

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A major advantage of analyses on the food group level is that the results are better interpretable compared with nutrients or complex dietary patterns. Such results are also easier to transfer into recommendations on primary prevention of non-communicable diseases. As a consequence, food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) are now the preferred approach to guide the population regarding their dietary habits. However, such guidelines should be based on a high grade of evidence as requested in many other areas of public health practice. The most straightforward approach to generate evidence is meta-analysing published data based on a careful definition of the research question. Explicit definitions of study questions should include participants, interventions/exposure, comparisons, outcomes and study design. Such type of meta-analyses should not only focus on categorical comparisons, but also on linear and non-linear dose-response associations. Risk of bias of the individual studies of the meta-analysis should be assessed, rated and the overall credibility of the results scored (e.g. using NutriGrade). Tools such as a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews or ROBIS are available to evaluate the methodological quality/risk of bias of meta-analyses. To further evaluate the complete picture of evidence, we propose conducting network meta-analyses (NMA) of intervention trials, mostly on intermediate disease markers. To rank food groups according to their impact, disability-adjusted life years can be used for the various clinical outcomes and the overall results can be compared across the food groups. For future FBDG, we recommend to implement evidence from pairwise and NMA and to quantify the health impact of diet-disease relationships.

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Evaluation of the Quality of Evidence of the Association of Foods and Nutrients With Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes

et al. 2022

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IMPORTANCEPoor diet is a leading global factor associated with cardiometabolic disease (CMD).Understanding the quality of evidence of the associations between specific dietary factors and CMD, including effect size (relative risk [RR]) and uncertainty, is essential to guide policy and consumer actions to achieve healthy diet and public health goals. OBJECTIVETo assess the quality of evidence of the associations between specific dietary factors and CMD as well as the quantitative evidence for RRs and the uncertainty of these risk estimates.EVIDENCE REVIEW PubMed and the reference lists of eligible articles were searched between May 1, 2015, and February 26, 2021, for systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials and prospective cohort studies that analyzed the consumption of 1 or more of the dietary factors of interest; reported dose-response meta-analyses; included healthy adults; and assessed 1 or more of the outcomes of interest. Study characteristics and RR estimates were extracted in duplicate. For identified associations, quality of evidence was assessed using the Bradford-Hill criteria for causation. FINDINGS A total of 2058 potentially relevant reports were identified, from which 285 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. The final selection of articles included 28 meta-analyses representing 62 associations between diet and CMD. Among these associations, 10 foods, 3 beverages, and 12 nutrients had at least probable evidence of associations with coronary heart disease, stroke, and/or diabetes. Most RRs ranged from 0.87 to 0.96 per daily serving change for protective associations and from 1.06 to 1.15 per daily serving change for harmful associations. Most identified associations were protective (n = 38) and a smaller number were harmful (n = 24), with a higher risk associated with higher intake. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThis systematic review summarized the current quality of evidence of the associations of specific dietary factors with coronary heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. These findings may inform dietary guidance, the assessment of disease burden in specific populations, policy setting, and future research.

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Food groups and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies

Cited by 489 publications

References 204 publications

Potatoes and risk of chronic disease: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

Potatoes and risk of chronic disease: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis

Generating the evidence for risk reduction: a contribution to the future of food-based dietary guidelines

Evaluation of the Quality of Evidence of the Association of Foods and Nutrients With Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes

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