Food group sources of nutrients in the dietary patterns of the DASH-Sodium trial

Fruit and vegetable intake and bone health in women aged 45 years and over: a systematic review

“…Although F&V are high in magnesium and potassium, because of the generally low consumption of F&V in Western populations, dairy products are the common dietary sources of these nutrients [14,43,44]. We also excluded studies of dietary patterns such as Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension or the Mediterranean diet that are high in F&V but are also high in low-fat dairy and/or whole grains, poultry, fish and nuts and lower in saturated fat, red meat, sweets, sugar-containing beverages, and sodium [45][46][47]. Given that such dietary patterns include a wide range of food groups, it is not possible to assess the independent effect of F&V on bone health.…”

Contribution of Dairy Products to Dietary Potassium Intake in the United States Population

“…Additionally the sodium content of fluid milk is low and it qualifies as a low-sodium food (Ͻ 140 mg per reference serving) [2]. The DASH dietary pattern recommends eight to 10 servings of fruits and vegetables, two to three servings of low-fat dairy products, seven to eight servings of grains (preferably whole grains) and two or less servings of meats, poultry and fish per day [19,20]. Since our analysis demonstrates an inadequate intake of potassium in age groups as young as 2 to 8 years, it raises the concern of the potential life-long health implications of suboptimal potassium intake.…”

Level and Determinants of Kidney Function in a South Asian Population in Pakistan

“…The candidate determinants list included: A) Demographic characteristics: age, sex, level of education, tobacco use, and physical activity B) Body composition, diet and nutritional biomarkers: Height, weight, body mass index, overweight (BMI cut- off for Asians >23.5 kg/m 2 ) (26) (27), central obesity (waist circumference), serum albumin, urine urea nitrogen excretion) (28) and food frequency questionnaire assessing weekly intake of items in the following food groups: 1) meat including poultry, fish, eggs 2) vegetables, 3) fresh fruits, 4) low fat or non-fat dairy, 5) nuts, seeds and legumes, 6) fats and oil rich food, 7) sweets and calorie dense food, 8) food with high salt content, 9) grain and grain products (29), and C) Co-morbid conditions and biomarkers: Presence of hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or on antihypertensive medications (30), diabetes (fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dl or on anti-diabetic medications) (31), level of fasting plasma glucose, and lipids. Urine urea nitrogen excretion was converted into estimated protein intake using the Maroni formula.…”