Food frequency questionnaire as an indicator of the serum composition of essential <i>n</i>‐3 and <i>n</i>‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in early pregnancy, according to body mass index

Lepsch, Jaqueline; Vaz, Juliana dos Santos; Moreira, Júlia Dubois; Pinto, Thatiana de Jesus Pereira; Soares-Mota, Márcia; Kac, Gilberto

doi:10.1111/jhn.12225

Cited by 22 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…39% of women in the cohort did not report intake of fresh fish, and 34% reported intake once a month. Overall, the median dietary intake of EPA and DHA was 0.025 g (interquartile range = 0.01–0.03) per day and 0.026 g (interquartile range = 0.0–0.03) per day [45] respectively, which was far bellow the recommendations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serum levels of fatty acids are known as biological markers of dietary intake in epidemiological investigation [39]. The serum composition of essential n-6 and n-3 fatty acids assessed in the first trimester (cohort baseline) partially reflects the usual diet with less interference of the gestational period [45]. A further strength is the use of different instruments, including a validated scale (EPDS) to measure depressive symptoms and a structured interview to assess the diagnosis of major depressive episodes (MINI).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At baseline, predominant dietary sources of long-chain n-3 PUFAs identified were fresh fish, canned tuna/sardines, eggs and red meat [45]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Omega-3 supplementation from pregnancy to postpartum to prevent depressive symptoms: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Vaz

Farias²,

Adegboye

et al. 2017

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundLow n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been linked to depression, but the preventive effect of n-3PUFAs supplementation on maternal depression needs further investigation. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a daily dose of n-3 PUFAs supplementation (fish oil) on the prevention of postpartum depression (PPD).MethodsA randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind trial was designed and nested into a cohort study conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sixty pregnant women identified as being at risk for PPD were invited and randomly assigned to receive fish oil capsules [1.8 g (1.08 g of Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and 0.72 g of Docosapentaenoic (DHA) acids)] or placebo (control). The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was scored at 5–13 (T0, baseline), 22–24 (T1), 30–32 weeks of gestation (T2) and 4–6 weeks’ postpartum (T3). Supplementation started at week 22–24 of gestation (T1) and lasted for 16 weeks. Serum fatty acids were assayed to evaluate compliance. Prevalence of EPDS ≥11 was the primary outcome, and mean and changes in EPDS score, length of gestation, and birth weight the secondary outcomes. Linear mixed-effect (LME) and random-intercept logistic regression models were performed to test the effect of fish oil supplementation on prevalence of EPDS ≥11 and EPDS scores variation.ResultsIn intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, at 30–32 weeks’ gestation women in the fish oil presented higher serum concentration of EPA, DHA and lower n-6/n-3 ratio comparing to the control group. There were no differences between intervention and control groups in the prevalence of EPDS ≥11, EPDS scores over time, or in changes in EPDS scores from pregnancy to postpartum in either the ITT or per-protocol analyses. Women in the fish oil group with previous history of depression presented a higher reduction on the EPDS score from the second to the third trimester in the fish oil comparing to the control group in the ITT analyses [−1.0 (−3.0–0.0) vs. -0.0 (−1.0–3.0), P = 0.038). These results were confirmed on the LME model (β = −3.441; 95%CI: -6.532– -0.350, P = 0.029).ConclusionDaily supplementation of 1.8 g of n-3 PUFAs during 16 weeks did not prevent maternal depressive symptoms in a sample of Brazilian women.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01660165. Retrospectively registered on 24 May 2012.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Omega-3 supplementation from pregnancy to postpartum to prevent depressive symptoms: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Vaz

Farias²,

Adegboye

et al. 2017

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…However, we have previously demonstrated that this FFQ may be used as a possible indicator of serum concentrations of n‐3 FA in early pregnancy (Lepsch et al . , ). In contrast, the longitudinal design with repeated measures and the availability of serum concentrations of FA at three time points are the main strengths of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Our results showed that greater adherence to the common‐Brazilian DP was associated with a slight increase in total n‐3 serum content in normal and obese pregnant women. Fresh meat and eggs, which are alternative sources of n‐3 PUFA (Lepsch et al, ), are food items found in the common‐Brazilian DP and, therefore, could have contributed to the positive impact on n‐3 FA. On the basis of the reduced rank regression analysis, Pounis et al () identified that the DP that most explained the variations in n‐3 PUFA in plasma included food items not considered as main sources of n‐3 PUFA, such as cabbages and root vegetables, dairies, vegetable oils, chocolate, coffee and tea, and mayonnaise, which is in accordance with our results regarding the common‐Brazilian DP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre‐pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women

Benaim

Freitas-Vilela²,

Pinto

et al. 2017

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Dietary patterns (DPs) have been described as an important factor that may influence polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations and body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy. We aim to evaluate the association between pre-pregnancy DPs and serum PUFA percentages throughout pregnancy considering early pregnancy BMI as a possible effect modifier. A prospective cohort of 154 pregnant women was followed (5th-13th, 20th-26th, and 30th-36th gestational weeks). Serum PUFA concentrations (total n-3 and total n-6, eicosapentaenoic + docosahexaenoic acids) were measured in each trimester and expressed as percentages. The n-6/n-3 ratio was calculated. Longitudinal linear mixed-effects models including interaction terms between DPs and early pregnancy BMI were employed. Serum PUFA percentages declined, whereas the n-6/n-3 ratio, monounsaturated, and saturated percentages increased throughout pregnancy for all BMI categories. Three pre-pregnancy DPs were identified by principal component analysis (common Brazilian, healthy, and processed). Overweight women with higher adherence to the common-Brazilian and to the healthy DPs presented reduced n-3 PUFA percentage and increased n-6 percentages and n-6/n-3 ratio compared to under or normal weight women. Obese women with higher adherence to the processed DP presented a more pronounced decrease of total n-3 percentage compared to under or normal weight women. Early pregnancy BMI modified the effect of pre-pregnancy DPs on PUFA profile throughout gestation. Higher adherence to the healthy pattern was associated with increased n-3 percentage, except for overweight women. Only for processed DP was the behaviour of PUFA the same for all BMI categories, showing a worse evolution profile, that is, increased n-6 and reduced n-3 fractions.

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Whole food, functional food, and supplement sources of omega-3 fatty acids and omega-3 HUFA scores among U.S. soldiers

Hanson

Lin

Dretsch

et al. 2016

Journal of Functional Foods

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A questionnaire to measure consumption of contemporary sources of omega-3 fatty acids including i) seafood, ii) poultry and eggs, iii) omega-3 functional foods, and iv) dietary supplements was completed by U.S. soldiers (N = 191). Omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) scores were higher (p < 0.01) among those who i) took an omega-3 supplement, ii) consumed sushi, iii) consumed omega-3 functional foods, iv) consumed beef less than twice per week, and v) ate seafood at least twice a week. Omega-3 HUFA was positively correlated with EPA + DHA intake (β = 0.39; p < 0.01) and age (β = 0.14; p = 0.03) and negatively correlated with beef intake (β = -0.13; p = 0.05) and smoking (β = -0.12; p = 0.08). Intake of contemporary foods rich in omega-3s were associated with higher biomarker values while smoking and beef intake were associated with lower values.

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Food frequency questionnaire as an indicator of the serum composition of essential n‐3 and n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in early pregnancy, according to body mass index

Abstract: FFQ in early pregnancy may be used as a possible indicator of serum concentrations of fatty acids. Higher correlations were observed among underweight/normal weight women.

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Omega-3 supplementation from pregnancy to postpartum to prevent depressive symptoms: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Omega-3 supplementation from pregnancy to postpartum to prevent depressive symptoms: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

Early pregnancy body mass index modifies the association of pre‐pregnancy dietary patterns with serum polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations throughout pregnancy in Brazilian women

Whole food, functional food, and supplement sources of omega-3 fatty acids and omega-3 HUFA scores among U.S. soldiers

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