Food Fortification for Addressing Iron Deficiency in Filipino Children: Benefits and Cost-Effectiveness

Detzel, Patrick; Wieser, Simon

doi:10.1159/000375144

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Nutritional deficiencies are major concern in pediatric practice. Though it is a global trend, prevalence is more among developing and underdeveloped South Asian countries [4,27,29] though showing some declining trend due to enforcement of anemia surveillance programs and supplementation [30]. Deficiency of micronutrients including that of iron and its relationship to cognitive and physical functions in childhood in Indian children has been reviewed by Swaminathan S et al [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Iron deficiency anemia in childhood a common, yet a clinically important reversible state of malnutrition, has well established relationship with impaired work capacity, lowered cognitive functions, impaired immune responses and growth retardation [1][2]. Cognitive functions (memory, intelligence, and sensory perception) have been related to intelligence and its afflictions can affect academic performance and thus have a greater impact on the psyche, interpersonal relationship and social life of a child [3][4][5]. If untreated, these changes may become irreversible which makes early recognition and treatment crucial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of iron deficiency on cognitive functions and effect of iron supplement in children between 5-10 years: Indian perspective

2016

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Background: Data on iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and cognitive function in Indian children aged 5-10 years is limited. Objective: To study the extent of IDA, its impact on cognition and evaluate the effect of iron supplementation on cognitive function in children with IDA. Methods: Children aged 5-10 years (n=193) were grouped into overt (group I n=71,,Ia-received iron supplements, Ib -without iron supplement), latent (group II, n=48, IIa-received iron supplements, IIb -without iron supplement)) anemia and non anemia (Group III, n=74) categories. Basic hematological investigations (HB, MCV, peripheral smear and total iron binding capacity) were done at baseline to categorize into groups. Cognitive function tests were performed at baseline and at the end of the study. Deworming with broad spectrum anthelmintic agent Albendazole(400mg stat) followed by iron supplements for 3 months was administered to Group Ia and IIa children.Results: Of 193 children, 119 (61.65%) had Iron deficiency, seventy (36.27%) had overt anemia and 49(25.397%) had latent form. Mean ± SD Haemoglobin at baseline was 11.80 ±1.71gm/dL, MCV 82.07± 4.69 femolitres, TIBC was 403.58 ± 58.77µ g/dL. Cognitive functions were significantly (p<0.005) higher in non anemic children. Iron supplements were administered for 3 months to 58 students. Treatment compliance was 96.0%.Hemoglobin >12gms/dL was seen in 80.83% (156/193) had < 12 gms/dL, after iron supplements; Mean ± SD Haemoglobin was 12.76±1.39gm/dL and that of visual recall, digit span and clerical task changed from 5.63±1.08, 4.03±1.0, and 7.16±1.4, respectively to 6.34 ±0.82, 4.35 ±0.78 And 7.98 ±1.19 respectively. Higher scores were seen in those with Haemoglobin> 12 gms/dL. Conclusion: Non anemic children perform better than those with anemia; performance of those with latent anemia is better than those with overt anemia. Iron supplementation helps in improved performance in these children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of iron deficiency on cognitive functions and effect of iron supplement in children between 5-10 years: Indian perspective

2016

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“…Food Policy and Research Institute reported that the progress of its eradication in women in reproductive age and children under 5 years old is currently off‐course (IFPRI, ). This contrasts the pronounced economic development of the Asia Pacific region in the last decade and indicates the socioeconomic polarization of resources, which have not yet spread to rural low‐income areas where micronutrient deficiencies are more common (Detzel & Wieser, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Fortification of Spiced Vinegar in the Philippines

Barrera

Gaur

Andrade

et al. 2018

Journal of Food Science

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The present study addresses the technical and organoleptic challenges of fortifying Filipino spiced vinegar with three iron sources. About 50% of the Filipino population (especially women and children) still suffers from iron deficiency, thus, more effective ways to deliver iron are needed. If successful, our study could pose as the base milestone for implementing mass iron fortification of spiced vinegar, given its frequent consumption and reach of all socioeconomic pockets of the Filipino population. Our aim is to improve the overall nutritional health of at-risk populations, and our study is one step closer to achieve this goal.

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“…Micronutrient and protein deficiencies are a global public health concern (Detzel and Wieser, 2015;NBS, 2016). Globally, pregnant women and their children below five years are at the highest risk of micronutrient deficiencies (Bailey et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IDA affects over two billion people worldwide and 190 million preschool-age children (Bailey et al, 2015;Detzel and Wieser, 2015). Iron deficiency affects 60% of children below five years In Tanzania and 58% of (NBS, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein and iron contents and bio accessibility in local modified diets for children aged 6 to 23 months in Bukoba, Tanzania

Nkuba¹,

Wendelin²,

EkesaBeatrice³

2017

Afr. J. Food Sci. Technol

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Micronutrient deficiencies often occur as part of a cycle of malnutrition and may be coupled with protein energy malnutrition. One of the measure to fight malnutrition is through participatory dietary modification was used. Five recipes of banana-based porridges from two EAHB 'nshakala' and AAB 'bira' banana varieties and three maize-based porridges were formulated in combination with other ingredients. The contents of Iron and protein in separate ingredients and in modified recipes were analysed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry and Kjeldahl´s method, respectively, and bio-accessibility of iron was estimated using invitro simulating gastrointestinal digestion method. Beans were a good source of both iron and protein while groundnuts flour was a good source of protein. Contribution of iron and protein in recommended daily allowance (RDA) ranged from 75.3 to 458% and 106 to 146% in a portion of 500g respectively. Iron bioaccessibility in all recipes ranged from 7.4% to 31.1%. Iron in porridge recipes (6OFSP, 7B) was more bio-accessible. The developed and improved recipes showed great potential of contributing substantially to iron and protein needs of children 6-23 months. The importance of food diversification for intake of iron and protein is discussed.

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Food Fortification for Addressing Iron Deficiency in Filipino Children: Benefits and Cost-Effectiveness

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

Impact of iron deficiency on cognitive functions and effect of iron supplement in children between 5-10 years: Indian perspective

Impact of iron deficiency on cognitive functions and effect of iron supplement in children between 5-10 years: Indian perspective

Iron Fortification of Spiced Vinegar in the Philippines

Protein and iron contents and bio accessibility in local modified diets for children aged 6 to 23 months in Bukoba, Tanzania

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