Food flavonols: Nutraceuticals with complex health benefits and functionalities

Barreca, Davide; Trombetta, Domenico; Smeriglio, Antonella; Mandalari, Giuseppina; Romeo, Orazio; Felice, Maria Rosa; Gattuso, Giuseppe; Nabavi, Seyed Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.030

Cited by 102 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Nonetheless, some more generalized responses could be observed, since Mg elicited flavonol equivalents in both lettuce genotypes. Among dietary flavonoids, flavonols and their gut metabolites are described to have potential health benefits because of their antioxidant, cardioprotective, and anticancer activity (Barreca et al, 2021). Noteworthy, cyanidin equivalents were poorly represented and not affected by the treatments, despite the two genotypes differed for their pigmentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isosmotic Macrocation Variation Modulates Mineral Efficiency, Morpho-Physiological Traits, and Functional Properties in Hydroponically Grown Lettuce Varieties (Lactuca sativa L.)

et al. 2021

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The management of mineral elements in agriculture is important for their nutritional role for plants and dietary value for humans, sparking interest in strategies that can increase mineral use efficiency and accumulation in plant food. In this work, we evaluated the effects of the isosmotic variations of the concentration on three macrocations (K, Ca, and Mg) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Our aim was to improve the nutritional components of this valuable dietary source of minerals. Using a full factorial design, we analyzed mineral utilization efficiency (UtE), leaf morphology, gas exchange parameters, phenolic profiles (through ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole-time-of-flight (UHPLC-QTOF) mass spectrometry), and enzymatic activities in two phytochemically diverse butterhead lettuce varieties (red or green). Plants were fed in hydroponics with three nutrient solutions (NSs) with different ratios of K, Ca, and Mg. The variation of these minerals in the edible product was associated with alterations of the morphology and physiology of the leaves, and of the quality and functional properties of lettuce, with a trade-off between total accumulation and mineral UtE. Moreover, in non-limiting conditions of nutrient availability, significant mineral interactions were also present. The flexibility of the plant response to the different ratios of macrocations, and the observed large intraspecific variation, were adequate to provide mineral-specific phytochemical profiles to the edible product. Specifically, the full-red lettuce provided more interesting results in regard to the compositional and functional attributes of the leaves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isosmotic Macrocation Variation Modulates Mineral Efficiency, Morpho-Physiological Traits, and Functional Properties in Hydroponically Grown Lettuce Varieties (Lactuca sativa L.)

et al. 2021

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“…), is a major public health issue. Therefore, researchers are continuously trying to develop new agents of both a natural and synthetic origin that are able to overcome this resistance and fight the major issue bacterial infections still represent [45][46][47]. This may be achieved by enhancing the basic knowledge of biological processes and, sometimes, by repurposing "old" drugs in order to overcome the most difficult periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Basis of Interactions between the Antibiotic Nitrofurantoin and Human Serum Albumin: A Mechanism for the Rapid Drug Blood Transportation

Calderaro

Maugeri

Magazù

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Nitrofurantoin is an antimicrobial agent obtained through the addition of a nitro group and a side chain containing hydantoin to a furan ring. The interactions of the antibiotic with human serum albumin (HSA) have been investigated by fluorescence, UV-VIS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy, and protein-ligand docking studies. The fluorescence studies indicate that the binding site of the additive involves modifications of the environment around Trp214 at the level of subdomain IIA. Fluorescence and UV-VIS spectroscopy, displacement studies, and FTIR experiments show the association mode of nitrofurantoin to HSA, suggesting that the primary binding site of the antibiotic is located in Sudlow’s site I. Molecular modeling suggests that nitrofurantoin is involved in the formation of hydrogen bonds with Trp214, Arg218, and Ser454, and is located in the hydrophobic cavity of subdomain IIA. Moreover, the curve-fitting results of the infrared Amide I’ band indicate that the binding of nitrofurantoin induces little change in the protein secondary structure. Overall, these data clarify the blood transportation process of nitrofurantoin and its rapid transfer to the kidney for its elimination, hence leading to a better understanding of its biological effects and being able to design other molecules, based on nitrofurantoin, with a higher biological potential.

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“…They represent one of the final frontiers in flavonoid research, with a large body of literature emerging over the past few years, describing the potential health promoting properties of monomeric and polymeric flavan-3-ol derivatives, thought responsible of the so-called “French Paradox” [ 33 ]. Pistachio polyphenols, without differences between raw or roasted pistachios, are bioaccessible in the stomach and small intestine and therefore available for absorption, thus supporting a possible beneficial relationship between pistachio consumption and health-related outcomes [ 34 , 35 ]. Flavonols and flavanones are, among the flavonoid’s subclasses, perhaps the most studied compounds due to their health promoting properties identified through epidemiological studies, and theiranti-aggregative, antioxidant, cardioprotective, antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer activities have been reported [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pistachio polyphenols, without differences between raw or roasted pistachios, are bioaccessible in the stomach and small intestine and therefore available for absorption, thus supporting a possible beneficial relationship between pistachio consumption and health-related outcomes [ 34 , 35 ]. Flavonols and flavanones are, among the flavonoid’s subclasses, perhaps the most studied compounds due to their health promoting properties identified through epidemiological studies, and theiranti-aggregative, antioxidant, cardioprotective, antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer activities have been reported [ 35 , 36 ]. Anthocyanidins are able to bind metals due to the presence of an O -diphenol group in the basic chemical structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pistachio Nuts (Pistacia vera L.): Production, Nutrients, Bioactives and Novel Health Effects

Mandalari

Barreca

Gervasi

et al. 2021

Plants

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Epidemiological and clinical studies have indicated positive outcomes related to tree nut consumption. Here, we review the production, nutrient, phytochemical composition and emerging research trends on the health benefits of pistachio nuts (Pistacia vera L.). Pistachios are a good source of protein, fiber, monounsaturated fatty acids, minerals and vitamins, as well as carotenoids, phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins. Polyphenols in pistachios are important contributors to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect, as demonstrated in vitro and in vivo through animal studies and clinical trials. The antimicrobial and antiviral potential of pistachio polyphenols has also been assessed and could help overcome drug resistance. Pistachio consumption may play a role in cognitive function and has been associated with a positive modulation of the human gut microbiota and beneficial effects on skin health. Pistachio polyphenol extracts may affect enzymes involved in glucose regulation and so type 2 diabetes. Taken together, these data demonstrate the health benefits of including pistachios in the diet. Further studies are required to investigate the mechanisms involved.

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Food flavonols: Nutraceuticals with complex health benefits and functionalities

Cited by 102 publications

References 107 publications

Isosmotic Macrocation Variation Modulates Mineral Efficiency, Morpho-Physiological Traits, and Functional Properties in Hydroponically Grown Lettuce Varieties (Lactuca sativa L.)

Isosmotic Macrocation Variation Modulates Mineral Efficiency, Morpho-Physiological Traits, and Functional Properties in Hydroponically Grown Lettuce Varieties (Lactuca sativa L.)

Molecular Basis of Interactions between the Antibiotic Nitrofurantoin and Human Serum Albumin: A Mechanism for the Rapid Drug Blood Transportation

Pistachio Nuts (Pistacia vera L.): Production, Nutrients, Bioactives and Novel Health Effects

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