Food Culture of the Russian Population: Results of a Sociological Survey

Abstract

Introduction: Food culture is one of the basic principles of a healthy lifestyle. Malnutrition has numerous adverse health effects, overweight and obesity being the most prevalent ones. Yet, many people find it quite difficult to mind their diet and, in fact, care little about the choice of healthy and safe foodstuffs or healthy cooking techniques. In this respect, fast food poses a certain danger. The objective of our study was to analyze and evaluate nutritional practices of representatives of different socio-demographic groups of Russian people and to establish the reasons for the lack of healthy eating habits. Methods: Within the framework of the research, an all-Russian sociological survey was conducted using the method of an in-home personal interview. The survey was conducted from April 8 to 19, 2021 in 30 regions of Russia. The sample size was 1,500 people aged 18 years and older. Results: Rational nutrition has not yet become a daily practice for many Russians. The fast pace of life and busyness of the population are an obstacle to meal consumption regularity. Still, many respondents report a lack of healthy eating habits. The main criteria for choosing a food product include its price, quality, taste, and health benefit. At the same time, the price has recently become a stronger determinant, especially for low-income and retired citizens. Fast food restaurant chains help save time and money spent on meals and become increasingly popular among Russians. Conclusion: It is expedient to stimulate the interest of the population in issues of a healthy diet in terms of the quantitative and qualitative food composition and to encourage the habit of eating regular meals. This is especially relevant for young people, who are often very careless about their health.