Food cue reactivity in food addiction: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Schulte, Erica M.; Yokum, Sonja; Jahn, Andrew; Gearhardt, Ashley N.

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112574

Cited by 59 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…In the incongruent condition, the switch from advantageous card decks linked to raw vegetables to disadvantageous decks linked to palatable, processed food or fruit seemed to impede advantageous decision-making. The results were similar between study groups despite the fact that participants in the obesity group admitted on average higher craving responses toward pictures of palatable, processed food or fruit compared to pictures of raw vegetables than the group without obesity, which is in line with the high level of food addiction symptoms in this group and with the literature (14,15,17,19). The interference effect of food pictures processing on advantageous decision-making has been observed particularly in those individuals with class 2 or 3 obesity who exhibited high craving responses toward appetitive food cues or high levels of food addiction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Over the last decade, research has stressed the importance of addiction-like responses to highly palatable, processed food in the development and maintenance of unhealthy eating habits (10)(11)(12)(13). After repeated exposure, cues that are related to tasty food (e.g., sight or smell of food) may become conditioned attractive and "wanted" stimuli for food consumption, evoking an intense desire to eat (14)(15)(16)(17). Thus, food cue-induced craving can be defined as an inclination to approach palatable food, resulting in sustained overconsumption (18,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Randomized Study of Food Pictures-Influenced Decision-Making Under Ambiguity in Individuals With Morbid Obesity

et al. 2020

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those individuals of the OB-group who exhibited high craving responses toward palatable, processed food cues or high levels of food addiction. Discussion: The results indicate that food pictures processing interferes with decisionmaking, regardless of weight status. Opposed to the hypothesis, stronger tendencies to avoid than to approach pictures presenting processed, tasty food were observed. Further research should examine how cognitive avoidance tendencies toward processed, high energy food and approach tendencies toward healthy food can be transferred to real life situations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Study of Food Pictures-Influenced Decision-Making Under Ambiguity in Individuals With Morbid Obesity

et al. 2020

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“…Similarly, Lopez et al [29] reported that individuals with greater IFG activity were more capable of resisting food temptations and experienced food desires to a lesser extent. Schulte et al [19] detected reduced IFG activation in obese and overweight patients with FA during the viewing of food images, compared to household items. Moreover, the IFG plays a critical role in addiction and substance (drug) abuse.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Images were thresholded for all analyses with an absolute threshold of < 0.1. Based on previous neuroimaging studies on substancebound addictions and FA [17], [19], [23][24][25][26], we selected the following regions of interest (ROIs): insula / frontal operculum (gustatory cortex), amygdala, inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and basal ganglia. We used masks with a 25% threshold derived from the Harvard-Oxford cortical structural atlas center for morphometric analysis, MGH-East, Boston/MA, USA).…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All aforementioned regions encode the motivational value of food cues and are part of the brain reward system [18]. In a recent study from the same research group [19], overweight and obese patients with FA were found to exhibit diminished activation in the superior frontal gyrus to minimally processed foods, whereas control participants exhibited elevated activation in this executive control region. A resting-state functional connectivity analysis by Contreras-Rodriguez et al [20] found that symptoms of FA correlated with greater changes in ventral caudate-hippocampus coupling between fasted and fed conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of women with high vs. low food addiction tendency: a pilot study with voxel-based morphometry

2020

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Background: The concept of 'food addiction' (FA) posits that highly processed food with added fat and/or refined carbohydrates is capable of triggering addictive-like eating behavior. FA may be one possible phenotype in obesity. Methods: The present voxel-based morphometry (VBM) study compared data from three groups of women. One group scored high on the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) and was overweight (n = 21), whereas the two other groups had low YFAS scores and were either overweight (n = 21) or normal-weight (n = 21). Results: Overweight women with high YFAS scores had less grey matter volume (GMV) in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) than overweight women with low FA tendency, who in turn had less GMV in the IFG than the normal-weight group. The IFG is involved in response inhibition, which is relevant for the control of appetite and food intake. In the group with high FA tendency, the frequency of binge episodes was substantially correlated with the YFAS scores, and 11 women of this group were diagnosed with binge-eating disorder (BED). The association between IFG volume and YFAS scores was not statistically significant anymore when controlling for the effect of binge frequency as revealed by partial correlation analysis. Conclusion: This VBM study revealed an association between reported FA tendency and a neural correlate of disinhibited eating. Future studies with bigger sample sizes are needed in order to demonstrate that FA is sufficiently different from existing conditions (e.g., BED) to warrant classification as a distinct disease phenotype.

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An evaluation of food addiction as a distinct psychiatric disorder

Schulte

Wadden

Allison

2020

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective: To evaluate the state of the literature for whether food addiction may warrant consideration as a distinct psychiatric disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) using Blashfield et al.'s (1990; Comprehensive Psychiatry, 31(1), 15-19) five criteria. This framework was utilized because it has recently been applied to examine the diagnostic utility of several eating disorder phenotypes. The criteria are: (a) at least 50 journal articles published on the proposed syndrome in the past 10 years; (b) proposal of diagnostic criteria and assessment measures; (c) clinician reliability in diagnosis; (d) cohesiveness of the proposed diagnostic criteria; and (e) differentiation from similar, existing diagnostic categories. Method: For each criterion, a literature review was conducted to examine if the minimum qualification had been met, and key findings were discussed. Results: Two of the criteria (literature and differentiation) have been empirically supported to extent specified. Two criteria (diagnostic criteria and syndrome) have been partially fulfilled, due to only having self-report assessment measures and no examination of the odds ratios for meeting more than one symptom, respectively. Clinician reliability has not yet been evaluated. Discussion: The existing literature suggests that food addiction may warrant consideration as a proposed diagnostic category in the DSM, though future research is needed to fulfill Blashfield et al.'s (1990; Comprehensive Psychiatry, 31(1), 15-19) criteria. The development of a semi-structured interview would be an impactful contribution for addressing these gaps.

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Food cue reactivity in food addiction: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Cited by 59 publications

References 77 publications

A Randomized Study of Food Pictures-Influenced Decision-Making Under Ambiguity in Individuals With Morbid Obesity

A Randomized Study of Food Pictures-Influenced Decision-Making Under Ambiguity in Individuals With Morbid Obesity

Comparison of women with high vs. low food addiction tendency: a pilot study with voxel-based morphometry

An evaluation of food addiction as a distinct psychiatric disorder

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