Food composition activities in South Africa

Wolmarans, P; Chetty, Joelaine; Danster-Christians, Natasha

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.064

Cited by 53 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The SAS software package (version 9.2; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) was used to convert food intake to macro‐ and micronutrients, using the SAFOODS2000 database (Wolmarans et al . ). The nutrient density of the complementary diet (excluding breast milk and formula milk) was calculated (amount of each nutrient per 416 kJ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Poor dietary diversity and low nutrient density of the complementary diet for 6‐ to 24‐month‐old children in urban and ruralKwaZulu‐Natal,SouthAfrica

Faber

Laubscher

Berti

2014

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Infants and toddlers have high nutritional requirements relative to body size but consume small amounts of food and therefore need nutrient-dense complementary foods. A cross-sectional study included children aged 6-24 months, stratified in three age categories (6-11 months, 12-17 months and 18-24 months) and randomly selected from an urban (n = 158) and a rural (n = 158) area, both of low socio-economic status, in the KwaZulu-Natal Province of South Africa. Dietary diversity and nutrient density of the complementary diet (excluding breast milk and formula milk) based on a repeated 24-h dietary recall was assessed. For breastfeeding children, nutrient density of the complementary diet was adequate for protein, vitamin A and vitamin C; and inadequate for 100% of children for zinc, for >80% of children for calcium, iron and niacin; and between 60% and 80% of children for vitamin B6 and riboflavin. Urban/rural differences in density for animal and plant protein, cholesterol and fibre occurred in 18-24-month-old children. Fewer than 25% of children consumed ≥4 food groups, with no urban/rural differences. Higher dietary diversity was associated with higher nutrient density for protein and several of the micronutrients including calcium, iron and zinc. The poor nutrient density for key micronutrients can probably be ascribed to lack of dietary variety, and little impact of mandatory fortification of maize meal/wheat flour on infants/toddlers' diet. Targeted strategies are needed to enable mothers to feed their children a more varied diet.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Poor dietary diversity and low nutrient density of the complementary diet for 6‐ to 24‐month‐old children in urban and ruralKwaZulu‐Natal,SouthAfrica

Faber

Laubscher

Berti

2014

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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“…Portion sizes, which were reported in household measures, were converted to weights by using standard tables (28). Nutrient intakes were calculated by using the South African food-composition database (29). The term "added sugars" was defined as in the South African food-composition tables (29) as all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to foods and beverages during processing, cooking, and at the table; these sugars included honey and jams as well as sugar added to beverages but not intrinsic sugars in fruit and milk.…”

Section: Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nutrient intakes were calculated by using the South African food-composition database (29). The term "added sugars" was defined as in the South African food-composition tables (29) as all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to foods and beverages during processing, cooking, and at the table; these sugars included honey and jams as well as sugar added to beverages but not intrinsic sugars in fruit and milk. This definition differed from that recently recommended as "free" sugars (6) in that it did not include intrinsic sugars from unsweetened fruit juices.…”

Section: Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Added sugar intake in South Africa: findings from the Adult Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology cohort study

Vorster¹,

Kruger²,

Wentzel-Viljoen³

et al. 2014

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

104

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Background: Obesity and other noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk factors are increasing in low-and middle-income countries. There are few data on the association between increased added sugar intake and NCD risk in these countries. Objective: We assessed the relation between added sugar intake and NCD risk factors in an African cohort study. Added sugars were defined as all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to foods and beverages during processing, cooking, and at the table. Design: We conducted a 5-y follow-up of a cohort of 2010 urban and rural men and women aged 30-70 y of age at recruitment in 2005 from the North West Province in South Africa. Results: Added sugar intake, particularly in rural areas, has increased rapidly in the past 5 y. In rural areas, the proportion of adults who consumed sucrose-sweetened beverages approximately doubled (for men, from 25% to 56%; for women, from 33% to 63%) in the past 5 y. After adjustment, subjects who consumed more added sugars ($10% energy from added sugars) compared with those who consumed less added sugars had a higher waist circum- Conclusions: This cohort showed dramatic increases in added sugars and sucrose-sweetened beverage consumption in both urban and rural areas. Increased consumption was associated with increased NCD risk factors. In addition, the study showed that the nutrition transition has reached a remote rural area in South Africa. Urgent action is needed to address these trends.

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“…Reported values for mineral content of sweetpotato (per 100 g raw roots) show a large variation for e.g. potassium (129-470 mg), iron (0.16-0.94 mg), zinc (0.27-1.89 mg), calcium (8-101 mg), magnesium (18-35 mg) and phosphorus (41-70 mg) (Leighton, 2007;STA, 2005;USDA, 2009;Wolmarans et al, 2010;Woolfe, 1992). Courtney et al (2008) reported high heritability estimates for iron (H = 0.74) and zinc (H = 0.82) in sweetpotato, while Grü neberg (2006) found a positive correlation between iron and zinc content, and to a lesser degree between zinc and b-carotene content in sweetpotato, indicating promising prospects to breed simultaneously for improved content of these 3 micronutrients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans-β-carotene, selected mineral content and potential nutritional contribution of 12 sweetpotato varieties

Laurie

Jaarsveld

Faber

et al. 2012

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

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Food composition activities in South Africa

Cited by 53 publications

References 7 publications

Poor dietary diversity and low nutrient density of the complementary diet for 6‐ to 24‐month‐old children in urban and ruralKwaZulu‐Natal,SouthAfrica

Poor dietary diversity and low nutrient density of the complementary diet for 6‐ to 24‐month‐old children in urban and ruralKwaZulu‐Natal,SouthAfrica

Added sugar intake in South Africa: findings from the Adult Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology cohort study

Trans-β-carotene, selected mineral content and potential nutritional contribution of 12 sweetpotato varieties

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