Food Botulism: Nursing Actions to the Patient that Evolved with Acute Kidney Insufficiency in the Intensive Care Unit

Abstract

It is understood that botulism is a serious disease, whose toxin released by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum causes a neuroparalitic action, requiring that the affected patient needs intensive care. As a consequence of the long period of hospitalization, the patient is subject to complications, which include risk of shock and electrolyte imbalance resulting in Acute Renal Failure (ARF). Objective: This study aims to present the clinical complications developed by the patient that occurred from botulism poisoning and to identify the clinical causes that led the patient with botulism to ARF, establishing the relationship of these causes with the signs, symptoms and laboratory results. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective and qualitative study was conducted based on secondary data collection, with documentary data collection in the form of a case study regarding a patient admitted to the ICU of the Regional Hospital of Cacoal -RO, victim of food poisoning. Results: The gastrointestinal symptoms characteristic of botulinum disease, arise in hydroelectrolytic disorders (Renal Hypoperfusion), where added with extended hospitalization and septic conditions are conditions for complications and ARF within intensive care. Final Considerations: It is noted that botulism associated with kidney disease can become a serious condition with imminent risk. In the Intensive Care Unit, a skilled and active nursing team becomes a differential in order to avoid conditions that further aggravate the patient's clinical condition.