Food Autonomy within Food Sovereignty: Evidence from a Structural Model

Abstract

Food sovereignty as a model to solve food problems is being used in political, economic, and agricultural thought, but academic literature does not offer insight into its impact and the dimension of food autonomy. We have chosen to study Ecuador, given that, in 2008, the country reformed its constitution and adopted the concept of food sovereignty as a right of the Ecuadorian people, being the first country to do so. In this article, we apply the multiple indicators and multiple causes model to uncover scientific findings with the observable data available, and estimate the phenomenon of food sovereignty, which will be called the latent variable. The article aims to determine the main indicators associated with a synthetic index of food sovereignty and one that integrates a measurement model. In order to meet the goal of this research, eight hypotheses are raised, of which four are confirmatory and four are exploratory. The exploratory hypotheses are given because the theoretical foundations contradict themselves in favor of and against the latent variable. The findings of the statistical model relate to inflation, cereal yield, agricultural-value added, prevalence of malnutrition, food export, and food import as causes and indicators that are part of food sovereignty.

Food security: legal problems and solutions

“…На сьогодні деякі автори розглядають концепцію продовольчого суверенітету як політичне визначення, яке означає право країни автономно визначати свою сільськогосподарську та продовольчу політику, а також моделі виробництва та споживання у соціально справедливий та екологічно чистий спосіб, що дозволяє громадянам та жителям території доступ до сталого продовольства та сприяє розвитку території, на якій вони проживають. Тоді як продовольча безпека має більш юридичний підхід [12].…”

Modelo de volatilidad de las acciones de Tesla Motors Inc. Fluctuaciones de los precios del cobalto y el litio

“…En segundo lugar, cuando se estimaron los modelos GARCH univariados, se utilizaron residuos estandarizados para estimar las correlaciones. La matriz de covarianza de varianza de residuos emparejados se puede descomponer en donde representa una matriz diagonal de desviaciones estándar condicionales variables en el tiempo según lo estimado por modelos ARCH univariados (Seďa, 2015;Souto-Anido et al, 2020;Vergara-Romero, Jimber-del-Río et al, 2022). La especificación del modelo DCC GARCH toma la siguiente forma:…”

Environmental Kuznets Curve: An Updated Empirical Vision for Ecuador

“…This is why it is essential to empirically verify the supposition of the EKC; subsequently, it can validate an aid for the environment that would have pleasant long-term consequences through economic and technological development, at least the dependence could be reduced on long-term fossil fuels [33]. According to Ecuador's data, this could quantify current public policies and revise new approaches for sustainable development, pleasing to the various economic agents in the short and long term [34].…”