Food antibodies in acute psychoses

Rix, Keith J. B.; Ditchfield, Janet; Freed, David L. J.; Goldberg, David; Hillier, V.

doi:10.1017/s0033291700023631

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…However, we still know relatively little about which specific genes or environmental factors are involved and how these factors interact and actually cause psychotic symptoms [ 8 ]. Several studies suggested a relationship between gluten and psychosis [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ] or other neuro-psychiatric disorders [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]; however, it remains a highly debated and controversial topic that requires well-designed prospective studies to establish the real role of gluten as a triggering factor in these diseases [ 2 , 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity

et al. 2015

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Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a syndrome diagnosed in patients with symptoms that respond to removal of gluten from the diet, after celiac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded. NCGS has been related to neuro-psychiatric disorders, such as autism, schizophrenia and depression. A singular report of NCGS presenting with hallucinations has been described in an adult patient. We report a pediatric case of a psychotic disorder clearly related to NCGS and investigate the causes by a review of literature. The pathogenesis of neuro-psychiatric manifestations of NCGS is unclear. It has been hypothesized that: (a) a “leaky gut” allows some gluten peptides to cross the intestinal membrane and the blood brain barrier, affecting the endogenous opiate system and neurotransmission; or (b) gluten peptides may set up an innate immune response in the brain similar to that described in the gut mucosa, causing exposure from neuronal cells of a transglutaminase primarily expressed in the brain. The present case-report confirms that psychosis may be a manifestation of NCGS, and may also involve children; the diagnosis is difficult with many cases remaining undiagnosed. Well-designed prospective studies are needed to establish the real role of gluten as a triggering factor in neuro-psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity

et al. 2015

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“…To the best of the writer's knowledge, the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) has never been suspected as a possible dietetic culprit, although many other foods have (30,21,22,(43)(44)(45). The potato would satisfy the above criteria, as it has been consumed in almost every country including Third World countries over the last century or more.…”

Section: Potato: the Possible Culprit?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also postulated have been dietetic factors including sensitivity to wheat gluten (20)(21)(22), gestational zinc deficiency (23) gut abnormalities resulting in abnormal intestinal permeability (24)(25)(26) and autoimmune mechanisms (27)(28)(29). However, in the case of the last-mentioned, Rix et al (30) suggest that immunological findings may represent consequences of the illness or its treatment, rather than the cause. More recently, Phillips et al (31,32) have demonstrated higher concentrations of carbon disulphide in the expired air of schizophrenics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia: is the potato the environmental culprit?

Christie

1999

Medical Hypotheses

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“…That a viral infection or autoimmunity is present in schizophrenia is suggested by the presence of higher interferon levels in schizophrenics than in normals (198), but alternative explanations are possible. The observation that populations fed with gluten-free diets show a low incidence of schizophrenia led to the theory that persons with a genetic deficit in gluten-metabolizing capacity could develop antibodies against gluten; therefore, either gluten (199) or immune complexes could induce psychotic behavior (200). This hypothesis has found no experimental support (200).…”

Section: Psychiatric Aspects Of Immunological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human psychoneuroimmunology today

Biondi

Kotzalidis

1990

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Studies in human psychoneuroimmunology began around 1919, but a systematic approach wasn't used until the work of Solomon in the 1960s. Recently, the new specialty has achieved relative independence due to considerable data acquisition. Stress research has revealed relationships between neuroendocrine and immune changes. In parallel, increasing evidence of immunological alterations in psychiatric diseases has expanded the field; presently, immunological correlates of psychosomatic diseases and personality are sought. On the other hand, while immunological disease has been psychologically assessed for many years, a clear-cut link between psyche and immunological changes has yet to be shown. This fact, along with the therapeutic implications of advancing knowledge, will influence strongly the future trends of psychoneuroimmunology. Concepts emerging from the study of this field will be of heuristic value to both psychiatry and immunology and will help define new and expanded limits for both disciplines.

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Food antibodies in acute psychoses

Cited by 16 publications

References 23 publications

Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity

Gluten Psychosis: Confirmation of a New Clinical Entity

Schizophrenia: is the potato the environmental culprit?

Human psychoneuroimmunology today

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