Food and nutrient intakes of a population sample of 7‐year‐old children in the south‐west of England in 1999/2000 – what difference does gender make?

Glynn, Louise R.; Emmett, Pauline M; Rogers, Imogen

doi:10.1111/j.1365-277x.2004.00582.x

Cited by 83 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…This was used in conjunction with an in-house nutrient database to generate food and nutrient intakes for each child. This has been described in detail elsewhere (Glynn et al, 2005). The nutrient and food group information obtained by this method compared well with that obtained by the British National Diet and Nutrition Survey of similar aged children using 7-day weighed records of food intake (Gregory and Lowe, 2000).…”

Section: Dietary Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The children in this analysis were from a more intensively studied 10% subcohort of ALSPAC, randomly selected from those born in the last 6 months of the survey period -the 'Children in Focus' (CIF) group. These CIF children had dietary information available at age 7 years (Glynn et al, 2005). Ethical approval was obtained from the local research ethics committees covering the study area and from ALSPAC's Ethics Committee.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quality of food eaten in English primary schools: school dinners vs packed lunches

et al. 2007

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Objective: To compare the food and nutrient intakes of primary school children eating school dinners and packed lunches. Subjects: Six-hundred and twenty-one 7-year-old children participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children in South West England. Methods: Diet was assessed by 3-day unweighed food record. Results: The composition of both types of school meals compared unfavourably with dietary guidelines. Intakes of energy, nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP), calcium, iron, folate, retinol equivalents, zinc, copper, magnesium, iodine and riboflavin were too low, and intakes of total and saturated fat were too high. However, children who ate school dinners had higher lunchtime intakes of protein, starch, NSP and most vitamins and minerals and lower intakes of sugar (14.2 and 20.9% of energy in school dinners and packed lunches, respectively, Po0.001) and saturated fat (12.0 and 16.2%, Po0.001). Only around half of the recommended amount of fruit and vegetables was eaten by children having either type of school meal. There were also differences in the whole day's nutrient intake according to school meal type. Children eating packed lunches had lower daily intakes of potassium and zinc, and higher intakes of sugar and saturated fat. Differences in nutrient intake were independent of maternal education. Conclusions: The food and nutrient content of both school dinners and packed lunches needed improvement. However, the standard of food brought from home by children was, if anything, worse than that served at school. Recent moves to improve school dinners will need to be complemented by education about what constitutes a healthy packed lunch. Sponsorship: University of Bristol.

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Section: Dietary Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of food eaten in English primary schools: school dinners vs packed lunches

et al. 2007

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“…At present, there is no official DRV for NSP (a measure of fibre intake); however, in adults the DRV is 18 g and intakes in children should be comparatively less due to smaller body sizes. NSP intakes have been calculated previously for 7-year-olds in ALSPAC (41) , and the same method was used for the 10-year-olds. Na is an essential nutrient but should not be taken in excess; the DRV is a Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI) set at 1200 mg/d (32) .…”

Section: Misreportingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Na is an essential nutrient but should not be taken in excess; the DRV is a Reference Nutrient Intake (RNI) set at 1200 mg/d (32) . Salt levels for children should be lower than for adults, with children aged 7-10 years consuming no more than 5 g (1966 mg Na) daily (41,42) .…”

Section: Misreportingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is maternal education level associated with diet in 10-year-old children?

Cribb

Jones

Rogers

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

116

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Objective: To examine the associations between maternal education level and diet in 10-year-old children. Design: Three-day diet diaries (child completed with parental help) were collected. Height and weight were measured in research clinics. Maternal education level was derived from a questionnaire completed during pregnancy and classified into low, medium or high. One-way ANOVA was undertaken to compare maternal education groups for nutrient intakes and the Kruskal-Wallis test used for food consumption. Setting: Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), Bristol, UK. Subjects: Children (n 7474) who provided dietary data at age 10 years. Results: A large proportion (60 %) of the sample was classified as plausible reporters, with under-reporting accounting for 36 %. No clear differences were found for intakes of energy or macronutrients between maternal education groups for plausible reporters. However, there were marked differences in micronutrient intakes especially for vitamin C, retinol equivalents and folate, highlighting lower diet quality with lower maternal education level. Intakes of fruit and vegetables showed a positive gradient with increasing maternal education (57 % v. 79 % consumed fresh fruit in low and high educational groups, respectively). A trend towards higher intake in the lower educated group was shown for less healthy foods (meat pies P , 0?001; sausages, burgers and kebabs P , 0?001).Conclusions: The quality of children's diet at 10 years was related to maternal education level. Lower maternal education was associated with less healthy food choices that could be detrimental to health. Further research is needed to establish if these associations can be explained by other socio-economic factors.

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“…There are very few data, however, on regional differences in overall diets and food consumption in the British Isles. In a closely defined area, the south-west of England, data on the dietary intakes of children have been published and can be used for in depth regional comparisons (3) . Our aim was to compare diets of children enrolled in two similar observational birth cohort studies: one in the Isle of Man (IoM-ELSPAC) and one in south-west England (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, ALSPAC).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A regional comparison of dietary intakes of 7-year-old children enrolled in observational birth cohort studies on the Isle of Man and in south-west England

et al. 2017

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There is concern regarding the low amount of fruit and vegetables consumed and high sugar intakes in children's diets. Regional dietary differences in the British Isles could underlie variation in health outcomes, but little is known about these differences. The diets of children across the UK have been described by several studies including the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) (1) , and in Ireland by the National Children's Food Survey (2) . There are very few data, however, on regional differences in overall diets and food consumption in the British Isles. In a closely defined area, the south-west of England, data on the dietary intakes of children have been published and can be used for in depth regional comparisons (3) . Our aim was to compare diets of children enrolled in two similar observational birth cohort studies: one in the Isle of Man (IoM-ELSPAC) and one in south-west England (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, ALSPAC).Dietary intakes were assessed by 3-day food records in 1998-2000 in IoM (n = 490) and ALSPAC (n = 7087) at age 7 years. Mean daily nutrient, food and food group intakes were calculated by the same method. Comparisons were made between the studies and with UK national dietary guidelines.Diets in both regions were adequate for most nutrients except dietary fibre (4) . There were differences between the two regions, particularly higher energy, protein and carbohydrate intakes in IoM. IoM children consumed greater amounts of red meat, bread (approximately +20 g/day), full-fat milk (approximately + 100 g/day) and sugar-sweetened drinks (approximately double) (all p ⩽ 0·001). In both groups intake of free sugars was more than three times higher than the UK recommended maximum (4) . There were no differences in fruit and vegetable intakes, which were below recommended levels (5) .IoM children had higher intakes of energy and some nutrients and food groups than ALSPAC children with similar low intakes of dietary fibre, fruits and vegetables. There is scope for improvement in children's diets in both regions in order to achieve more balanced diets. This is particularly pertinent with the increasing prevalence of childhood obesity and the UK recommendation to lower the intake of free sugars (4) .

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Food and nutrient intakes of a population sample of 7‐year‐old children in the south‐west of England in 1999/2000 – what difference does gender make?

Abstract: The dietary intakes of these 7-year-old children were adequate for most nutrients. However, a reduction in the sodium content of the diet would be advantageous. Fruit and vegetable consumption should be encouraged particularly among boys.

Cited by 83 publications

References 20 publications

Quality of food eaten in English primary schools: school dinners vs packed lunches

Quality of food eaten in English primary schools: school dinners vs packed lunches

Is maternal education level associated with diet in 10-year-old children?

A regional comparison of dietary intakes of 7-year-old children enrolled in observational birth cohort studies on the Isle of Man and in south-west England

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