Food allergen sensitization on a chip: the gut–immune–skin axis

Human‐based new approach methodologies to accelerate advances in nutrition research

“…This is very important considering the scarce clinical relevance of animal models of obesity and obesity-related pathology, including NAFLD and NASH. between the gut, skin, and immune cells essential for food proteins allergy prediction (Janssen et al, 2023).…”

“…Since receptors for hormones produced by intestinal enteroendocrine cells have been identified in the gut and distinct brain regions, and considering that these hormones have a pivotal role as signaling systems in satiation mechanisms (D'Agostino & Small, 2012; Neary & Batterham, 2010), MPS could provide, for example, a robust platform for evaluating the potential of macronutrients as modulators of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, in order to design functional foods based in bioactive compounds, which may offer effective, alternative treatments for obesity and/or associated metabolic diseases(Pizarroso et al, 2021) Slaughter et al (2021). developed an MPS consisting of human hepatocytes and adipose tissue chambers suitable for modeling the metabolic factors that contribute to NAFLD development and progression and evaluation of therapeutic compounds(Slaughter et al, 2021).By combining hiPSC and OoC technologies, in vitro models can now be established that integrate the genetic background of complex diseases, the different interacting cell types involved in a specific disease process, and the modulating environmental factors such as dietderived compounds (e.g., gluten) and the gut microbiome(Moerkens et al, 2019;Palasantzas et al, 2023) Janssen et al (2023). recently proposed an engineered gutimmune-skin axis multi-organ-on-chip to better evaluate food allergen sensitization and advance mechanistic insight into the cross-talk…”