Following Suberization in Potato Wound Periderm by Histochemical and Solid-State 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Methods

Stark, Ruth E.; Sohn, Won H.; Pacchiano, Ralph A.; As, Mohamed; Garbow, Joel R.

doi:10.1104/pp.104.2.527

Cited by 42 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…During enzymatic isolation only suberized phellem tissue is obtained, whereas phellogen and phelloderm are destroyed. However, in this manuscript the term periderm is used instead of phellem, since this was also done by a series of different authors in the past working with enzymatically isolated ''potato tuber periderm'' (Vogt et al 1983;Stark et al 1994). …”

Section: Periderm Isolationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Many studies describe the formation of wound periderm in potato; however, most of these studies focused on the aromatic domain of suberin (Borg-Olivier and Monties 1993;Lapierre et al 1996;Negrel et al 1996;Bernards and Lewis 1998;Bernards et al 2000;Yan and Stark 2000), which is probably of major importance in pathogen defence. The formation of the aliphatic suberin domain has frequently been analyzed in the past as well (Kolattukudy and Agrawal 1974;Soliday et al 1978;Stark et al 1994;Graca and Pereira 2000), but no attempt was made to relate this chemical information to transport properties. Therefore, we intended to directly correlate the formation and the amount of the aliphatic domain in potato tuber periderm with its efficiency as a barrier to water transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Wax and suberin development of native and wound periderm of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and its relation to peridermal transpiration

Schreiber

Franke

Hartmann

2004

Planta

164

203

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Native and wound periderm was isolated enzymatically from potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Desirée) tubers at different time intervals between 0 days up to 4 weeks after harvesting. Wound periderm formation was induced by carefully removing native periderm from freshly harvested tubers before storage. The chemical composition of lipids (waxes) obtained by chloroform extraction, as well as the monomeric composition of native and wound suberin polymer after transesterification by boron trifluoride/methanol, was analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Both types of periderm contained up to 20% extractable lipids. Besides linear long-chain aliphatic wax compounds, alkyl ferulates were detected as significant constituents. In wound periderm they amounted to more than 60% of the total extracts. Within 1 month of storage, suberin amounts in the polymer increased 2-fold in native periderm (180 microg cm(-2)), whereas in wound periderm about 75.0 microg cm(-2) suberin polymer was newly synthesized. Native potato tuber periderm developed a very efficient transport barrier for water with permeances decreasing from 6.4 x 10(-10) m s(-1) to 5.5 x 10(-11) m s(-1) within 1 month of storage. However, the water permeability of wound periderm was on average 100 times higher with permeances decreasing from 4.7 x 10(-8) m s(-1) after 3 days to only 5.4 x 10(-9) m s(-1) after 1 month of storage, although suberin and wax amounts in wound periderm amounted to about 60% of native periderm. From this result it must be concluded that the occurrence of suberin with wax depositions in cell walls does not necessarily allow us to conclude that these cell walls must be nearly perfect barriers to water transport. In addition to the occurrence of the lipophilic biopolymer suberin and associated waxes, the still unknown molecular arrangement and precisely localized deposition of suberin within the cell wall must contribute to the efficiency of suberin as a barrier to water transport.

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Section: Periderm Isolationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Wax and suberin development of native and wound periderm of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and its relation to peridermal transpiration

Schreiber

Franke

Hartmann

2004

Planta

164

203

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During this enzymatic isolation, only the suberized phellem tissue is obtained, whereas phellogen and phelloderm are removed. However, we use the term periderm instead of phellem as a number of different authors have done in the past (Vogt et al, 1983;Stark et al, 1994;Schreiber et al, 2005).…”

Section: Isolation Of Periderm Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

CYP86A33-Targeted Gene Silencing in Potato Tuber Alters Suberin Composition, Distorts Suberin Lamellae, and Impairs the Periderm's Water Barrier Function

et al. 2008

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Suberin is a cell wall lipid polyester found in the cork cells of the periderm offering protection against dehydration and pathogens. Its biosynthesis and assembly, as well as its contribution to the sealing properties of the periderm, are still poorly understood. Here, we report on the isolation of the coding sequence CYP86A33 and the molecular and physiological function of this gene in potato (Solanum tuberosum) tuber periderm. CYP86A33 was down-regulated in potato plants by RNA interference-mediated silencing. Periderm from CYP86A33-silenced plants revealed a 60% decrease in its aliphatic suberin load and greatly reduced levels of C18:1 v-hydroxyacid (approximately 70%) and a,v-diacid (approximately 90%) monomers in comparison with wild type. Moreover, the glycerol esterified to suberin was reduced by 60% in the silenced plants. The typical regular ultrastructure of suberin, consisting of dark and light lamellae, disappeared and the thickness of the suberin layer was clearly reduced. In addition, the water permeability of the periderm isolated from CYP86A33-silenced lines was 3.5 times higher than that of the wild type. Thus, our data provide convincing evidence for the involvement of v-functional fatty acids in establishing suberin structure and function.

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“…In his tentative suberin and cutin models, Kolattukudy (1980a) proposed that suberin, in contrast to cutin, contains a lignin-like aromatic domain, covalently linked to the aliphatic suberin domain by ester bonds. The presence of an aromatic suberin domain was supported by the nondegradative technique of solid-state 13 C-NMR spectroscopy, using partially purified suberin preparations from wound-healing potato tuber slices (Garbow et al, 1989;Stark et al, 1989Stark et al, , 1994. However, no proof was obtained for the proposed aromaticaliphatic linkages in suberin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycerol Is a Suberin Monomer. New Experimental Evidence for an Old Hypothesis1

et al. 1999

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The monomer composition of the esterified part of suberin can be determined using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy technology and is accordingly believed to be well known. However, evidence was presented recently indicating that the suberin of green cotton (Gossypium hirsutum cv Green Lint) fibers contains substantial amounts of esterified glycerol. This observation is confirmed in the present report by a sodium dodecyl sulfate extraction of membrane lipids and by a developmental study, demonstrating the correlated accumulation of glycerol and established suberin monomers. Corresponding amounts of glycerol also occur in the suberin of the periderm of cotton stems and potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers. A periderm preparation of wound-healing potato tuber storage parenchyma was further purified by different treatments. As the purification proceeded, the concentration of glycerol increased at about the same rate as that of ␣, -alkanedioic acids, the most diagnostic suberin monomers. Therefore, it is proposed that glycerol is a monomer of suberins in general and can cross-link aliphatic and aromatic suberin domains, corresponding to the electrontranslucent and electron-opaque suberin lamellae, respectively. This proposal is consistent with the reported dimensions of the electron-translucent suberin lamellae.Suberin and cutin are insoluble, lipophilic biopolymers. Together with complex mixtures of soluble lipids, they form the protective layers of higher plants: the cuticle of the epidermis and the suberin layers of the periderm and the exodermis. These cell layers are diffusion barriers for water and other

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Following Suberization in Potato Wound Periderm by Histochemical and Solid-State 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Methods

Cited by 42 publications

References 19 publications

Wax and suberin development of native and wound periderm of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and its relation to peridermal transpiration

Wax and suberin development of native and wound periderm of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and its relation to peridermal transpiration

CYP86A33-Targeted Gene Silencing in Potato Tuber Alters Suberin Composition, Distorts Suberin Lamellae, and Impairs the Periderm's Water Barrier Function

Glycerol Is a Suberin Monomer. New Experimental Evidence for an Old Hypothesis1

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