Follow up studies on the respiratory pattern and total cholinesterase activities in dichlorvos-poisoned rats

Duarte, Tatiana; Martin, Chantal; Baud, Frédéric J.; Laprévôte, Olivier; Houzé, Pascal

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2012.06.010

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Furthermore, we are not aware of any temporal systematization of data collection in toxicological studies. To address this major limitation, we developed the concept of toxicodynetics which allows researchers to describe the time-course of effects in animals as well as humans [19]. In contrast with data collected in humans, we observed a highly reproducible respiratory toxicity of a non-lethal dose of diethyl paraoxon in rats [11,13,16,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total cholinesterase (butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase) activity was measured radiometrically by the method presented by Johnson and Russell [18] using [3H] acetylcholine iodide as substrate, and previously reported by Duarte et al [19]. Cholinesterase activities measured in whole blood were reported as cpm/min per/mL of erythrocytes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cholinesterase activities measured in whole blood were reported as cpm/min per/mL of erythrocytes. Cholinesterase activities were expressed as the percent of control activity and plotted as a function of time after treatment [19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the Respiratory Toxicity and Total Cholinesterase Activities in Dimethyl Versus Diethyl Paraoxon-Poisoned Rats

Houzé

Hutin

Lejay

et al. 2019

Toxics

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The chemical structure of organophosphate compounds (OPs) is a well-known factor which modifies the acute toxicity of these compounds. We compared ventilation at rest and cholinesterase activities in male Sprague-Dawley rats poisoned with dimethyl paraoxon (DMPO) and diethyl paraoxon (DEPO) at a subcutaneous dose corresponding to 50% of the median lethal dose (MLD). Ventilation at rest was recorded by whole body plethysmography. Total cholinesterase activities were determined by radiometric assay. Both organophosphates decreased significantly the respiratory rate, resulting from an increase in expiratory time. Dimethyl-induced respiratory toxicity spontaneously reversed within 120 min post-injection. Diethyl-induced respiratory toxicity was long-lasting, more than 180 min post-injection. Both organophosphates decreased cholinesterase activities from 10 to 180 min post-injection with the same degree of inhibition of total cholinesterase within an onset at the same times after injection. There were no significant differences in residual cholinesterase activities between dimethyl and diethyl paraoxon groups at any time. The structure of the alkoxy-group is a determinant factor of the late phase of poisoning, conditioning duration of toxicity without significant effects on the magnitude of alteration of respiratory parameters. For same duration and magnitude of cholinesterase inhibition, there was a strong discrepancy in the time-course of effects between the two compounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the Respiratory Toxicity and Total Cholinesterase Activities in Dimethyl Versus Diethyl Paraoxon-Poisoned Rats

Houzé

Hutin

Lejay

et al. 2019

Toxics

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“…Noteworthy, the efficiency of PRX was tested alone, without administrating any dose of atropine [19,20]. This model was shown to be highly reproducible using different species, including rats and mice, and different inhibitor of cholinesterase like OPs and carbamate [21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Efficacy of New Oximes to Reverse Low Dose Diethyl-Paraoxon-Induced Ventilatory Effects in Rats

et al. 2020

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Background: Oximes are used in addition to atropine to treat organophosphate poisoning. However, the efficiency of oximes is still a matter of debate. In vitro experiments suggested than new oximes are more potent than the commercial oximes. However, the antidotal activity of new oximes has not been assessed in vivo. Methods: The aim of this work was to assess the safety and efficiency of new oximes compared to pralidoxime in a rat model of diethyl paraoxon-induced non-lethal respiratory toxicity. Results: Safety study of oximes showed no adverse effects on ventilation in rats. KO-33, KO-48, KO-74 oximes did not exhibit significant antidotal effect in vivo. In contrast, KO-27 and BI-6 showed evidence of antidotal activity by normalization of respiratory frequency and respiratory times. KO-27 became inefficient only during the last 30 min of the study. In contrast, pralidoxime demonstrated to be inefficient at 30 min post injection. Inversely, the antidotal activity of BI-6 occurred lately, within the last 90 min post injection. Conclusion: This study showed respiratory safety of new oximes. Regarding, the efficiency, KO-27 revealed to be a rapid acting antidote toward diethylparaoxon-induced respiratory toxicity, meanwhile BI-6 was a late-acting antidote. Simultaneous administration of these two oximes might result in a complete and prolonged antidotal efficiency.

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“…Ce modèle animal a déjà été employé au sein de notre équipe pour l'étude des cinétiques de la méthadone [18] et pour l'analyse des gaz du sang [19][20][21][22]. Notre objectif est de vérifier l'inté-rêt et/ou les conséquences d'un prélèvement veineux lors de l'étude cinétique de l'éthanol ou d'un dosage à but diagnostic des anions organiques formés.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Influence du site de prélèvement sur l’étude cinétique et métabolique de l’éthanol

et al. 2012

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Résumé -Objectif : L'analyste n'obtenant pas toujours les mêmes prélèvements sanguins, nous proposons d'étudier l'influence du site de prélèvement sanguin sur l'étude cinétique et métabolique de l'éthanol. Méthode : Sur un modèle animal, le rat mâle Sprague-Dawley âgé de 7 à 9 semaines, les cinétiques sanguines de l'éthanol, sériques de l'acétate et du lactate, artérielles et veineuses, sont déterminées respectivement par analyse de l'espace de tête en chromatographie en phase gazeuse et électrophorèse capillaire de zone. L'animal est cathétérisé soit au niveau d'une artère fémorale, soit au niveau d'une veine caudale. Résultats : Lors de la phase d'absorption, l'éthanolémie artérielle croît plus rapidement et plus intensément que l'éthanolémie veineuse ; après la phase de distribution, elles tendent à se confondre. Contemporainement, les acétates, métabolites de l'éthanol, apparaissent plus concentrés dans le compartiment artériel que veineux périphérique ; les lactates, produits indirects du métabolisme de l'éthanol, présentent une cinétique artérielle similaire à celle de l'acétate, les concentrations veineuses restant anormalement élevées pendant l'étude. Conclusion : Le sang veineux prélevé lors de cette étude n'a pas donné accès à la réalité cinétique et métabolique de l'éthanol. Ainsi, en comparaison avec le compartiment artériel, l'éthanol et l'acétate sont présents en quantité moindre dans le sang veineux, l'éthanol y apparaissant plus lentement. Le sang veineux prélevé s'est même avéré inadapté à l'étude cinétique des lactates. Cette étude confirme, si nécessaire, que les résultats et l'interprétation d'une analyse sont préconditionnés par le prélèvement lui-même, ce dernier n'étant pas toujours réalisé sous les indications d'un analyste. Mots clés :Recueil de prélèvements sanguins/méthode, éthanol/sang, éthanol/métabolisme, acétates/sang, lactates/sang Abstract -Objective: Because the analyst does not always obtain the same sampling of blood, we suggest studying the influence of the site of blood sampling on kinetic and metabolic studies of ethanol. Method: On an animal model, 7-to-9-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats, arterial and venous blood kinetics of ethanol and serum kinetics of acetate and lactate were, respectively, determined by head-space chromatography analysis and capillary zone electrophoresis. The animal is catheterized either at the femoral artery, or at the caudal vein. Results: During the absorption phase, the arterial blood ethanol grew more quickly and more intensely than the venous; after the distribution phase, they tended to merge. At the same time, acetates, produced during ethanol metabolism, were more concentrated in the arterial compartment than the venous; lactates, indirect products of ethanol metabolism, presented an arterial kinetics similar to acetate, and venous concentrations remained abnormally high throughout the study. Conclusion: The venous blood samples taken during this study did not give access to the kinetic and metabolic reality of ethanol. So, compared with t...

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Follow up studies on the respiratory pattern and total cholinesterase activities in dichlorvos-poisoned rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 59 publications

Comparison of the Respiratory Toxicity and Total Cholinesterase Activities in Dimethyl Versus Diethyl Paraoxon-Poisoned Rats

Comparison of the Respiratory Toxicity and Total Cholinesterase Activities in Dimethyl Versus Diethyl Paraoxon-Poisoned Rats

Safety and Efficacy of New Oximes to Reverse Low Dose Diethyl-Paraoxon-Induced Ventilatory Effects in Rats

Influence du site de prélèvement sur l’étude cinétique et métabolique de l’éthanol

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