Follow‐up studies of very low birthweight children in Sweden

Gäddlin, Per-Olof

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2011.02288.x

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…By international standards, the socioeconomic characteristics are satisfactory and high quality care is universally available in Sweden. Furthermore, alcohol or drug abuse during pregnancy is relatively rare (Gäddlin, 2011). These factors make it possible to investigate the impact of premature birth per se on cognitive development.…”

Section: Methodological Strengths and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Studies of Executive and Cognitive Development After Preterm Birth

Lundequist¹

2012

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The population of survivors after preterm birth is increasing, and, in conjunction with this, there is growing concern about their long-term development. Stockholm Neonatal Project (SNP) is a longitudinal population-based study of children born prematurely in 1988-93, with a very low birth weight (<1500 g), who have been followed prospectively from birth through adolescence. A matched control group was recruited at age 5 ½ years. The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the long-term development of preterm children compared to controls, paying particular attention to their executive functions (EF) in relation to the degree of prematurity, birth weight and medical risks. Study I, utilizing Bender drawings and other data obtained at age 5 ½ years, showed a disadvantage in visuo-motor development in preterm children, especially among the boys. Visuo-motor skills were highly related to performance IQ (PIQ) in both groups, and also to EF in the preterm group. In Study II, data from the NEPSY test battery administered at age 5 ½ was used, and neuropsychological profiles typical of preterm children and term born children respectively, were identified through cluster analysis. The general level of performance corresponded well with intelligence, motor functions and parental education in both groups, but preterm children had overall lower results and exhibited greater variability across domains. Study III showed that extremely preterm birth (w. 23-27) per se poses a risk for cognitive outcome at age 18, particularly for EF, and that perinatal medical complications add to the risk. By contrast, adolescents born very preterm (w. 28-31) performed just as well as term-born controls in all cognitive domains. However, adolescents who had been born moderately preterm (w. 32-36) and small for gestational age, showed general cognitive deficits. Study IV found that cognitive development was highly stable over time, with parental education and EF at 5 ½ years being significant predictors for cognitive outcome at age 18, in both groups. In the preterm group, perinatal medical risks and being small for gestational age continued to significantly influence development from 5 ½ to 18 years. Study V demonstrated that neuropsychological scoring of Bender drawings, which was developed in study I, predicted general cognitive outcome as well as EF in adolescence. This indicates that developmental screening using Bender drawings with neuropsychological scoring may be useful around school entry.In summary, the results illustrate that cognitive outcome after preterm birth is highly diverse and influenced by biological and environmental factors. No single factor can explain or predict children's development, but we conclude that extreme prematurity presents a particular risk for EF dysfunction. Developmental screening is recommended to identify children who may benefit from special educational interventions.

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Section: Methodological Strengths and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Studies of Executive and Cognitive Development After Preterm Birth

Lundequist¹

2012

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…In Japan, it has increased from 4.1% of all live births in 1980 to 5.7% in 2010 (Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, 2011). Medical advancements in neonatology have significantly increased the survival rate of preterm infants (Larroque et al, 2004; Fanaroff et al, 2007; Gaddlin, 2011; Kono et al, 2011). Recent reports have indicated an approximate survival rate of 90% in Japan for preterm infants with birth weights below 1500 g (Kusuda et al, 2006; Itabashi et al, 2009; Kono et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Right Temporal Activation and Increased Interhemispheric Connectivity in Response to Speech in Preterm Infants at Term-Equivalent Age

Naoi¹,

Fuchino²,

Shibata³

et al. 2013

Front. Psychol.

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Preterm infants are at increased risk of language-related problems later in life; however, few studies have examined the effects of preterm birth on cerebral responses to speech at very early developmental stages. This study examined cerebral activation and functional connectivity in response to infant-directed speech (IDS) and adult-directed speech (ADS) in full-term neonates and preterm infants at term-equivalent age using 94-channel near-infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that compared with ADS, IDS increased activity in larger brain areas such as the bilateral frontotemporal, temporal, and temporoparietal regions, both in full-term and preterm infants. Preterm infants exhibited decreased activity in response to speech stimuli in the right temporal region compared with full-term infants, although the significance was low. Moreover, preterm infants exhibited increased interhemispheric connectivity compared with full-term controls, especially in the temporal and temporoparietal regions. These differences suggest that preterm infants may follow different developmental trajectories from those born at term owing to differences in intrauterine and extrauterine development.

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“…However, recent long-term follow-up studies have suggested that preterm infants without apparent brain injuries are at risk for behavioral, educational, and emotional problems [2], [6] and are more likely to meet the criteria for developmental disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [7], pervasive developmental disorders [8], learning disabilities [9], and psychiatric disorders such as anxiety disorders and depression [10]. Although clear relationships have been demonstrated between preterm infants and developmental problems that occur later in childhood and adolescence, little is known about the early indications of these problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Preterm Birth on Intrinsic Fluctuations in Neonatal Cerebral Activity Examined Using Optical Imaging

et al. 2013

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Medical advancements in neonatology have significantly increased the number of high-risk preterm survivors. However, recent long-term follow-up studies have suggested that preterm infants are at risk for behavioral, educational, and emotional problems. Although clear relationships have been demonstrated between preterm infants and developmental problems during childhood and adolescence, less is known about the early indications of these problems. Recently, numerous studies on resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) have demonstrated temporal correlations of activity between spatially remote cortical regions not only in healthy adults but also in neuropathological disorders and early childhood development. In order to compare RSFC of the cerebral cortex between preterm infants at term-equivalent ages and full-term neonates without any anatomical abnormality risk during natural sleep, we used an optical topography system, which is a recently developed extension of near-infrared spectroscopy. We clarified the presence of RSFC in both preterm infants and full-term neonates and showed differences between these groups. The principal differences were that on comparison of RSFC between the bilateral temporal regions, and bilateral parietal regions, RSFC was enhanced in preterm infants compared with full-term neonates; whereas on comparison of RSFC between the left temporal and left parietal regions, RSFC was enhanced in full-term neonates compared with preterm infants. We also demonstrated a difference between the groups in developmental changes of RSFC related to postmenstrual age. Most importantly, these findings suggested that preterm infants and full-term neonates follow different developmental trajectories during the perinatal period because of differences in perinatal experiences and physiological and structural development.

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Follow‐up studies of very low birthweight children in Sweden

Cited by 13 publications

References 56 publications

Longitudinal Studies of Executive and Cognitive Development After Preterm Birth

Longitudinal Studies of Executive and Cognitive Development After Preterm Birth

Decreased Right Temporal Activation and Increased Interhemispheric Connectivity in Response to Speech in Preterm Infants at Term-Equivalent Age

Effects of Preterm Birth on Intrinsic Fluctuations in Neonatal Cerebral Activity Examined Using Optical Imaging

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