Follow-up studies of anorexia nervosa: a review of four decades of outcome research

Steinhausen, Hans‐Christoph; Rauss-Mason, C; Seidel, R.

doi:10.1017/s0033291700020559

Cited by 181 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

102

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The relationship between duration of anorexia history and LOS has been frequently noted as an important prognostic factor for the evolution of the illness [14,21,25,27]. A longer illness is likely to be more psychopathologically complicated and will thus be less sensitive to therapeutic intervention [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive factors of length of inpatient treatment in anorexia nervosa

Lievers

Curt

Wallier

et al. 2008

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive factors of length of inpatient treatment in anorexia nervosa

Lievers

Curt

Wallier

et al. 2008

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Age at onset was estimated by subtracting this duration from the age at referral. Logistic regression was performed on body mass index at follow-up with the criterion of 17.5 kg/m 2 Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is indirectly substantiated by the fact that patients with body mass indexes less than 13 kg/m 2 at referral had a longer duration of anorexia nervosa before the key admission than those with higher body mass indexes, thus implying that the eating disorder had run more of its course in the former group. A longer duration of illness before referral has been associated with a poor general outcome (1,2). Retrospective assessment of the minimal body mass index during the course of anorexia nervosa is complicated by the fact that patients who have not reached their adult height frequently cannot reliably recall their height at the time their lowest body weight occurred.…”

Section: Figure 1 Relationship Of Body Mass Indexes (Kg/m 2 ) At Refmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of low body weight at long-term follow-up in acute anorexia nervosa by low body weight at referral

Himmelmann¹,

Herzog²,

Herpertz‐Dahlmann³

et al. 1997

AJP

116

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

S ingle follow-up studies have identified a low body weight at referral as a poor prognostic indicator for intermediate or long-term follow-up (1, 2). Morgan and Russell (3) observed an association between low body weight (less than 60% average body weight, roughly equivalent to a body mass index of 12.5 kg/m 2 in females aged 17-19 years) at referral and poor general outcome after 5 years. In a previous study (4), we found that 24 patients with body mass indexes less than 13 kg/m 2 at referral had significantly lower body mass indexes at follow-up than 57 patients who had higher body mass indexes at referral; the mean follow-up period was 11.7 years. Possible explanations for the discrepancies regarding the prognostic implications of a low body weight at referral include small sample sizes and crude categorizations of the weight outcome.The hypothesis of the present study was that a low body mass index at referral predicts a low body mass index at long-term follow-up. To test this hypothesis we assessed body mass indexes at referral and at follow-up in a large study group (N=272) to determine their interrelationship and to assess the influence of age at onset, age at referral, and age at follow-up, respectively. METHODThe study group was a composite of five study cohorts with a total of 341 consecutively ascertained inpatients with anorexia nervosa. Twenty-four of the patients were males. The ascertainment, diagnostic assessment according to DSM-III-R, and outcome of these study cohorts have been described in detail elsewhere (4-9). For the present analysis, all 24 of the males, seven females with additional somatic diseases at referral, and seven pretreated females whose body mass indexes at referral were greater than 17.5 kg/m 2 were excluded; 31 additional females could not be traced at follow-up. The final study group included 272 females whose body mass indexes at referral and body mass indexes at follow-up or time of death were available. Their mean ages at referral and at follow-up were 16.7 years (SD=4.5, range=10-42) and 26.2 years (SD=6.9, range=15-58), respectively. Mean length of follow-up was 9.5 years (SD=5.3, range=0-33.6) and included the survival times of the 12 patients who had died after a mean of 4.2 years (SD=4.0, range=0-13). Deaths were related to the sequelae of emaciation in 10 patients and to suicide in two patients.The patients' body mass indexes at referral were plotted against their body mass indexes at follow-up and Pearson's correlation was calculated. Body mass indexes were plotted in 1-kg/mg 2 intervals from 9 to 27 kg/mg 2 . Patients with low body mass indexes at referral were compared with patients with higher body mass indexes at referral by using repeated U tests. Significance was adjusted for multiple testing (10). We also charted the proportion of patients whose body mass indexes at follow-up were 17.5 kg/m 2 or less, those whose body mass indexes were in the fifth percentile or below, and those whose body mass indexes were in the 10th percentile or below. Body mass index ...

show abstract

“…A total of 68 follow-up studies were examined [8][9][10], with follow-up periods ranging from 1 to 33 years (ta ble 1). Weight was restored in about 60% of patients, menstruation returned to normal in 55%, and eating behaviour returned to normal in about 44% of the pa tients.…”

Section: Psychopharmacological Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment and Outcome of Adolescent Anorexia nervosa

Steinhausen

1995

Horm Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Treatment of adolescent anorectic patients includes a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s condition, measures leading to effective weight restoration and the choice of the optimal treatment setting. The main psychotherapeutic approaches include supportive individual psychotherapy, behavioural, and family therapy. Individual psychotherapy is provided by a supportive relationship with treatment staff and the therapeutic environment of the ward. Behavioural therapy uses operant conditioning to promote weight gain and may include cognitive methods and social skills training. Family therapy may also be beneficial for some adolescent patients. There is no evidence that pharmacotherapy, besides treating depressive symptoms, has any beneficial effect in anorectic patients. The outcome and prognosis of an individual patient is unpredictable.

show abstract

Follow-up studies of anorexia nervosa: a review of four decades of outcome research

Cited by 181 publications

References 31 publications

Predictive factors of length of inpatient treatment in anorexia nervosa

Predictive factors of length of inpatient treatment in anorexia nervosa

Prediction of low body weight at long-term follow-up in acute anorexia nervosa by low body weight at referral

Treatment and Outcome of Adolescent Anorexia nervosa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About