Follow-up of Adolescents Treated in a Psychiatric Hospital

Practitioner Review: Preconditions and Outcome of Inpatient Treatment in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

“…Pfeiffer and Strzelecki (1990) concluded that psychiatric hospitalisation of children and adolescents is often beneficial, particularly if special aspects of treatment are fulfilled (e.g. a good therapeutic alliance, Clarkin, Hurt, & Crilly, 1987 ; treatment with a cognitive-based problemsolving skills training package, Kazdin et al, 1987 ; completion of the treatment programme, Gossett, Barnhart, Lewis, & Phillips, 1977 ; or planned discharge, White, Benn, Gross, & Schaffer-Lopez, 1979), and aftercare services are available (see Table 2). Aftercare (e.g.…”

“…Aftercare (e.g. outpatient therapy, Gossett et al, 1977 ; the availability of foster home placements, Stewart, Adams, & Meardon, 1978 ; or a low level of psychosocial stress in the postdischarge environment, Cohen-Sandler, Berman, & King, 1982 ;Koret, 1980) is necessary to ensure the transfer and generalisation of treatment gains to the discharged patient's environment and to minimise the risk for rehospitalisation.…”

“…Children and adolescents with psychotic disorders (Clarkin et al, 1987 ;Gossett et al, 1977 ;Koret, 1980 ;Parham, Reid, & Hamer, 1987 ;Pyne, Morrison, & Ainsworth, 1985 ;Schain, Gardella, & Pon, 1982) or undersocialised aggressive conduct disorders (Pyne et al, 1985), responded less favourably to inpatient psychiatric treatment. Psychosexual problems (Lampen & Neill, 1985), acting out (Neilsen, Harrington, Sack, & Latham, 1985), psychotic symptoms (Koret, 1980 ;Lewis, Lewis, Shanok, Klatskin, & Osborne, 1980 ;Parham et al, 1987 ;Pyne et al, 1985 ;Schain, Gardella, & Pon, 1982), and low energy levels (Gossett et al, 1977) were associated with a more negative outcome. Organicity, indicated by CNS dysfunction, was also associated with a poor outcome (Koret, 1980 ;Lewis et al, 1980 ;Parham et al, 1987).…”

Evaluating effectiveness in adolescent mental health inpatient units: A systematic review

“…Results found that inpatient admissions were often beneficial, particularly if a specialized treatment programme and aftercare were available. This review found only four studies, which examined various aspects of inpatient interventions, such as therapeutic alliance, planned discharge, completion of treatment programme, and the efficacy of a cognitive-based problem-solving skills training package (Clarkin et al 1987;Gossett et al 1977;Kazdin et al 1987;White et al 1979). In all four studies, these interventions yielded positive outcomes and predicted a favourable postdischarge status.…”

“…In all four studies, these interventions yielded positive outcomes and predicted a favourable postdischarge status. In terms of aftercare, only four studies were found reporting the relationship of aftercare and the postdischarge environment to outcome (Cohen-Sandler et al 1982;Gossett et al 1977;Koret 1980;Stewart & Leone 1978). All four found a strong positive association.…”