Follow-Up and Validation of K2 and TESS Planetary Systems With Keck NIRC2 Adaptive Optics Imaging

Schlieder, Joshua E.; Gonzales, Erica J.; Ciardi, David R.; Patel, Rahul; Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Crepp, Justin R.; Dressing, Courtney D.; Barclay, Thomas; Howard, Andrew W.

doi:10.3389/fspas.2021.628396

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To help rule out stellar multiplicity and close blends with nearby stars and to obtain more precise planetary radii by accounting for close-in stellar blends (Ciardi et al 2015;Schlieder et al 2021), we observed TOI-1759 with both the 'Alopeke 3 speckle imaging camera (Scott & Howell 2018) on the 8 m Gemini North telescope and the NIRC2 near-infrared adaptive-optics fed camera on the 10 m Keck-II telescope. The optical and NIR high resolution imaging complement each other with higher resolution in the optical but deeper sensitivity (especially to low-mass stars) in the infrared.…”

Section: High-resolution Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A transiting, temperate mini-Neptune orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 unveiled by TESS

Espinoza,

Pallé,

Kemmer

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report the discovery and characterization of TOI-1759 b, a temperate (400 K) sub-Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 (TIC 408636441). TOI-1759 b was observed by TESS to transit on sectors 16, 17 and 24, with only one transit observed per sector, creating an ambiguity on the orbital period of the planet candidate. Ground-based photometric observations, combined with radial-velocity measurements obtained with the CARMENES spectrograph, confirm an actual period of 18.85019±0.00014 d. A joint analysis of all available photometry and radial velocities reveal a radius of 3.17 ± 0.10 R ⊕ and a mass of 10.8 ± 1.5 M ⊕ . Combining this with the stellar properties derived for TOI-1759 (R = 0.597 ± 0.015 R ; M = 0.606 ± 0.020 M ; T eff = 4065 ± 51 K), we compute a transmission spectroscopic metric (TSM) value of over 80 for the planet, making it a good target for transmission spectroscopy studies. TOI-1759 b is among the top five temperate, small exoplanets (T eq < 500 K, R p < 4 R ⊕ ) with the highest TSM discovered to date. Two additional signals with periods of 80 d and > 200 d seem to be present in our radial velocities. While our data suggest both could arise from stellar activity, the later signal's source and periodicity are hard to pinpoint given the ∼ 200 d baseline of our radial-velocity campaign with CARMENES. Longer baseline radial-velocity campaigns should be performed in order to unveil the true nature of this long period signal.

show abstract

Section: High-resolution Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A transiting, temperate mini-Neptune orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 unveiled by TESS

Espinoza,

Pallé,

Kemmer

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…NIRC2 is designed for the Keck AO system in Maunakea, Hawaii, USA, as a NIR imager. Observations of TOI 620 were performed with this instrument on UT 2019 May 12 so as to further constrain the parameter space of possible companions in the TOI 620 system, as part of the standard process for doing so (Ciardi et al 2015;Schlieder et al 2021). A three-point dither pattern is commonly used with NIRC2 to avoid using the noisier lower-left detector quadrant.…”

Section: Nirc2/keck IImentioning

confidence: 99%

A Close-in Puffy Neptune with Hidden Friends: The Enigma of TOI 620

Reefe¹,

Luque²,

Gaidos³

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present the validation of a transiting low-density exoplanet orbiting the M2.5 dwarf TOI 620 discovered by the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission. We utilize photometric data from both TESS and ground-based follow-up observations to validate the ephemerides of the 5.09 day transiting signal and vet false-positive scenarios. High-contrast imaging data are used to resolve the stellar host and exclude stellar companions at separations ≳0.″2. We obtain follow-up spectroscopy and corresponding precise radial velocities (RVs) with multiple precision radial velocity (PRV) spectrographs to confirm the planetary nature of the transiting exoplanet. We calculate a 5σ upper limit of M P < 7.1 M ⊕ and ρ P < 0.74 g cm−3, and we identify a nontransiting 17.7 day candidate. We also find evidence for a substellar (1–20 M J ) companion with a projected separation ≲20 au from a combined analysis of Gaia, adaptive optics imaging, and RVs. With the discovery of this outer companion, we carry out a detailed exploration of the possibilities that TOI 620 b might instead be a circum-secondary planet or a pair of eclipsing binary stars orbiting the host in a hierarchical triple system. We find, under scrutiny, that we can exclude both of these scenarios from the multiwavelength transit photometry, thus validating TOI 620 b as a low-density exoplanet transiting the central star in this system. The low density of TOI 620 b makes it one of the most amenable exoplanets for atmospheric characterization, such as with the James Webb Space Telescope and Ariel, validated or confirmed by the TESS mission to date.

show abstract

“…We observed TOI-530 with infrared high-resolution adaptive optics (AO) imaging at Keck Observatory (Ciardi et al 2015;Schlieder et al 2021) on UT 2019 April 7. The observations were made with the NIRC2 instrument on Keck-II behind the natural guide star AO system.…”

Section: Keck/nirc2 Adaptive Optics Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

TOI-530b: A giant planet transiting an M dwarf detected by TESS

Gan,

Lin,

Wang

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report the discovery of TOI-530b, a transiting giant planet around an M0.5V dwarf, delivered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The host star is located at a distance of 147.7 ± 0.6 pc with a radius of 𝑅 * = 0.54 ± 0.03 𝑅 and a mass of 𝑀 * = 0.53 ± 0.02 𝑀 . We verify the planetary nature of the transit signals by combining ground-based multi-wavelength photometry, high resolution spectroscopy from SPIRou as well as high-angular-resolution imaging. With 𝑉 = 15.4 mag, TOI-530b is orbiting one of the faintest stars accessible by ground-based spectroscopy. Our model reveals that TOI-530b has a radius of 0.83 ± 0.05 𝑅 𝐽 and a mass of 0.4 ± 0.1 𝑀 𝐽 on a 6.39-d orbit. TOI-530b is the sixth transiting giant planet hosted by an M-type star, which is predicted to be infrequent according to core accretion theory, making it a valuable object to further study the formation and migration history of similar planets. We discuss the potential formation channel of such systems.

show abstract

Follow-Up and Validation of K2 and TESS Planetary Systems With Keck NIRC2 Adaptive Optics Imaging

Cited by 18 publications

References 46 publications

A transiting, temperate mini-Neptune orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 unveiled by TESS

A transiting, temperate mini-Neptune orbiting the M dwarf TOI-1759 unveiled by TESS

A Close-in Puffy Neptune with Hidden Friends: The Enigma of TOI 620

TOI-530b: A giant planet transiting an M dwarf detected by TESS

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About