Follow-up Analysis of Serum TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Protein and mRNA Expression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Patients with Ischemic Stroke

Abstract

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which is TNF receptor superfamily member, contributes to several diseases pathogenesis. The aim of this research was to investigate the relevance of serum TRAIL protein levels and mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with stroke through 6 months follow-up. We enrolled patients with first-ever acute ischemic stroke (n = 95) and healthy controls (n = 95) in this study. Follow-up blood samples were collected from patients at day 7, 28, and 180 after the onset. The stroke severity was evaluated by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score. TRAIL protein levels were quantified by using ELISA kits and TRAIL mRNA expression by quantitative real-time PCR. Our study showed that stroke patients have statistically significant lower levels of serum TRAIL protein (p < 0.0001) and elevated TRAIL mRNA expression (p < 0.0001) in PBMC at the disease onset. Our follow-up study revealed that TRAIL protein levels were increased while mRNA expression levels were downregulated in later periods. Overall, our findings suggest that serum TRAIL levels and mRNA expression in PBMC could reliably serve as a predictor of stroke outcome. Additionally, our study supports that TRAIL plays a role in pathogenesis and progression of ischemic stroke.

Insight into the divergent role of TRAIL in non‐neoplastic neurological diseases

“…Serum TRAIL protein levels were increased, whereas mRNA expressed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was down‐regulated as the condition progressed. This shows that TRAIL accord with the chronic regulatory processes from transcription to translation and therefore promises to be a valuable biomarker of ICS 62 …”

The effectiveness of serum S100B, TRAIL, and adropin levels in predicting clinical outcome, final infarct core, and stroke subtypes of acute ischemic stroke patients

“…Recently, researchers have shown that serum TRAIL (sTRAIL) levels correlated with stroke outcomes that evaluated at first week after stroke onset 21 . Similarly, another study found that low sTRAIL levels was associated with stroke severity in 293 patients seven days after stroke onset 22 .…”

Integrated Transcriptome Profiling Identifies Prognostic Hub genes as Therapeutic Targets of Selenium Deficiency in Chick’s Model: Evidenced by Bioinformatic Analysis

“…Down-regulated genes such as AVBD9, and CABP2, activated under selenium de ciency condition. These genes involved in various functions such as chemoattractant for avian immune cell 19 , calcium transporters 12 , chemokine members 20 , premature ovarian failure 21 , storeoperated calcium entry associated regulatory factor 22 , solute carrier protein 11 , TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand-like protein 23 , thioredoxin domains 24 , calcium binding protein similar to calmodulin 25 .…”