Follicular Dendritic Cells in the Regulation and Maintenance of Immune Responses

By using strand-specific in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, evidence for replication of the Aleutian mink disease parvovirus was observed in cells resembling macrophages and cells resembling follicular dendritic cells at 10 days after infection but only in macrophages at 60 days. Sequestration of the Aleutian mink disease parvovirus in larger numbers of macrophages and follicular dendritic cells was noted at both 10 and 60 days.

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“…1B, arrow). The location and morphology of these cells were consistent with their being follicular dendritic cells (FDC) (9,22,23,25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 69%

Replication of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus in lymphoid tissues of adult mink: involvement of follicular dendritic cells and macrophages

Mori

Wolfinbarger

Miyazawa

et al. 1991

J Virol

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“…The antigen retained on FDC surely plays an important role in these events, but what about other signals? In a study designed to evaluate the effect FDC have on LPS-activated splenic B cells, it was clearly demonstrated that FDC-enriched preparations could enhance proliferation by 20-60% (Schnizlein et al, 1984, reviewed in Tew et al, 1990, Furthermore, this activity was confirmed in the human system using pokeweed mitogen or anti-delta antibodies with phorbol myristate acetate (Heinen et al, 1988), In an experiment conducted in our laboratories, we have obtained date consistent with the idea that a signal other than the antigen is provided by FDC once the B cells have been activated. For this, low density (i,e, 'activated') B cells were obtained from mice transgenic for an IgM anti-TNP receptor (Rusconi & Kohler 1985), They were then cocultured in the absence or presence of FDC obtained from mice immunized with either DNP-OVA, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) or human gamma globulin (HGG ; Table III), The results demonstrated that adding FDC augmented proliferation of activated B cells regardless of the type of antigen present on their cell surface,…”

Section: Non-specific Augmentation Of B-cell Responses By Fdcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signals Involved in Germinal Center Reactions

Kosco¹,

Gray

1992

Immunological Reviews

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Many of the features observed in the in vitro cultures discussed in this review coincide with characteristics described for an in vivo germinal center response. FDC and T cells are required to maintain B-cell proliferation which is confined to a finite amount of time (i.e. less than 2 wk). Large cellular aggregated form which contain many blasting cells undergoing DNA synthesis. In addition to proliferation, apoptosis is also occurring in the cultures but appears to be limited to the population which is not in contact with the FDC. The system can be driven by specific antigen, suggesting that clonal expansion is occurring. As in other immunological systems, there is an important role for adhesion molecules both for cluster formation and DNA synthesis. Antigen processing and presentation is a major event since blocking this through several mechanisms ends the stimulation. The role of T cells is essential both in vivo and in vitro; however, their exact contribution is still not well understood. It is interesting that blocking IL4 usage either by neutralizing the molecule or its receptor by monoclonal antibodies has no effect on the system. Which interleukins are important for germinal centers remains on open question. Evidence continues to accumulate on the important role of FDC and the molecules they express. Not only are the immune complexes an essential part, but it seems that molecules yet to be defined have an effect. For many practical reasons these have remained a mystery, but using our various systems we are attempting to reveal them. Two intriguing questions which remain include: 1. the molecular nature of the signalling between the FDC and B cell; and 2. how does the FDC retain the antigen in a native form for such long periods of time? An understanding of both mechanisms will provide us with a better appreciation for the events leading to a germinal center response and the immunological phenomenon referred to as memory.

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“…Interestingly, both in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that expression of CD21 and/or CD35, a splice variant of CD21, is important not only on B cells, but also on follicular dendritic cells (FDC) [24,25]. These receptors on FDC most likely facilitate antigen-trapping [26,27], which is important for the germinal center reaction and perhaps the maintenance of IgG titers [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of IgG antibody responses by epitope density and CD21-mediated costimulation

Jegerlehner¹,

Storni²,

Lipowsky³

et al. 2002

Eur. J. Immunol.

202

140

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Follicular Dendritic Cells in the Regulation and Maintenance of Immune Responses

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Replication of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus in lymphoid tissues of adult mink: involvement of follicular dendritic cells and macrophages

Replication of Aleutian mink disease parvovirus in lymphoid tissues of adult mink: involvement of follicular dendritic cells and macrophages

Signals Involved in Germinal Center Reactions

Regulation of IgG antibody responses by epitope density and CD21-mediated costimulation

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