Folic acid and vitamin B
            <sub>12</sub>
            fortification of food for preventing neural tube defects in Europe

Turner, Michael J.

doi:10.1136/bmj.k1572

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…ABCD4 is believed to play a role in the intracellular processing of vitamin B12, and mutations affecting the ATPase domain of this protein have been shown to alter intracellular vitamin B 12 trafficking (Coelho et al, 2012; Fettelschoss et al, 2017). Vitamin B 12 is required as a cofactor in methionine synthase, and low levels of vitamin B 12 during development are associated with higher levels of neural tube defects in humans (Ray and Blom, 2003; Groenen et al, 2004; Turner, 2018). With the addition of expression data, in future analyses it may be possible to better characterize variants in this region and identify other important functional mutations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A QTL for Number of Teats Shows Breed Specific Effects on Number of Vertebrae in Pigs: Bridging the Gap Between Molecular and Quantitative Genetics

et al. 2019

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Modern breeding schemes for livestock species accumulate a large amount of genotype and phenotype data which can be used for genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Many chromosomal regions harboring effects on quantitative traits have been reported from these studies, but the underlying causative mutations remain mostly undetected. In this study, we combine large genotype and phenotype data available from a commercial pig breeding scheme for three different breeds (Duroc, Landrace, and Large White) to pinpoint functional variation for a region on porcine chromosome 7 affecting number of teats (NTE). Our results show that refining trait definition by counting number of vertebrae (NVE) and ribs (RIB) helps to reduce noise from other genetic variation and increases heritability from 0.28 up to 0.62 NVE and 0.78 RIB in Duroc. However, in Landrace, the effect of the same QTL on NTE mainly affects NVE and not RIB, which is reflected in reduced heritability for RIB (0.24) compared to NVE (0.59). Further, differences in allele frequencies and accuracy of rib counting influence genetic parameters. Correction for the top SNP does not detect any other QTL effect on NTE, NVE, or RIB in Landrace or Duroc. At the molecular level, haplotypes derived from 660K SNP data detects a core haplotype of seven SNPs in Duroc. Sequence analysis of 16 Duroc animals shows that two functional mutations of the Vertnin ( VRTN ) gene known to increase number of thoracic vertebrae (ribs) reside on this haplotype. In Landrace, the linkage disequilibrium (LD) extends over a region of more than 3 Mb also containing both VRTN mutations. Here, other modifying loci are expected to cause the breed-specific effect. Additional variants found on the wildtype haplotype surrounding the VRTN region in all sequenced Landrace animals point toward breed specific differences which are expected to be present also across the whole genome. This Landrace specific haplotype contains two missense mutations in the ABCD4 gene, one of which is expected to have a negative effect on the protein function. Together, the integration of largescale genotype, phenotype and sequence data shows exemplarily how population parameters are influenced by underlying variation at the molecular level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A QTL for Number of Teats Shows Breed Specific Effects on Number of Vertebrae in Pigs: Bridging the Gap Between Molecular and Quantitative Genetics

et al. 2019

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“…From 2016, World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that pregnant women should take FA supplements at 400 µg/day, ideally before pregnancy, in order to prevent maternal anemia, puerperal sepsis, low birth weight (LBW), and pre-term birth [3]. On the basis of WHO guidelines, FA supplementation is included in standard antenatal care in many countries, and mandatory food FA fortification has been introduced in more than 80 countries [4]. So far, daily FA supplementation for pregnant women has become widespread around the world and FA supplementation rate is rising gradually.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Associations between the Duration of Folic Acid Supplementation, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, and Adverse Birth Outcomes based on a Birth Cohort

Cheng

Sha

Gao

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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This study aimed to examine the associations between the duration of folic acid (FA) supplementation, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and adverse birth outcomes. A total of 950 mother-offspring pairs participated in the cohort study during 2015 in Changsha, China. The data were collected through home visits and perfected by maternal and child healthcare handbooks. Generalized linear models and stratified analyses were used for statistical analyses. The incidence of GDM in our cohort was 10.2%. FA supplementation for ≥3 months before pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of GDM (adjusted relative risk (aRR): 1.72; 95% CI: 1.17–2.53) and decreased risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) birth (aRR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.18–0.88). In the group of FA supplementation for ≥3 months during pregnancy, GDM was associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery (aRR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.06–1.75) and macrosomia (aRR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.06, 4.20), but the aRRs were lower than the RRMH 1.53 (95% CI: 1.01–2.34) and 2.43 (95% CI: 1.27–4.66). Our study suggested that the longer duration of FA supplementation before pregnancy might increase the risk of GDM, but decrease the risk of SGA birth. Longer duration of FA supplementation during pregnancy had beneficial effects on birth outcomes in women with GDM. Further studies should consider a larger sample size to confirm these findings.

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“…Enrichment of nutrients in folic acid and vit B12 (eg flour) and intake of folate-rich foods (eg green leafy vegetables) may prevent the development of NTD [36,37,38,39]. The risk of developing NTD increases with folic acid and vit B12 deficiency due to vegetarian diet [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of Neural Tube Defects in Family Physicians

Küçük¹,

Eser

Çevik³

et al. 2021

J CLIN EXP INVEST

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Objective: The aim of this study was to measure the knowledge level of physicians working in family health centers about the conditions leading to neural tube defect (NTD) and preventive measures. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 406 general practitioners and family medicine specialists made a survey consisted of 13 questions. Chi-square, Fisher's Exact test and Pearson chi-square analysis were applied as statistical methods. Results: A total of 406 physicians (family medicine specialists: 110, general practitioners: 296) participated in the study. 81.53% of the participants were working in a city and 18.47% were working in the countryside. The number of referral to general practitioners before pregnancy was significantly higher than that of family medicine specialists. (p<0.05). 36.95% of the respondents knew that the neural tube was closed in the first month of embryological life. Folic acid initiation rate was 99.26% for patients planning pregnancy. Initiation of vit B12 with folic acid was 28.33% in patients planning pregnancy. The rate of knowing that vitamin B12 deficiency causes NTD was 39.41% (family medicine specialists: 50%, general practitioners: 35.47%), and FMSs were statistically significant (p<0.05). Discussion: While the number of pregnant women who received folic acid only was sufficient, the number of pregnant women who took vitamin B12 with folic acid was very low. Family medicine specialists and general practitioners had insufficient knowledge that using vitamin B12 in combination with folic acid prevented NTD development. By preparing and implementing algorithms that can prevent NTDs, many lifelong complications can be prevented.

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Folic acid and vitamin B ₁₂ fortification of food for preventing neural tube defects in Europe

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

A QTL for Number of Teats Shows Breed Specific Effects on Number of Vertebrae in Pigs: Bridging the Gap Between Molecular and Quantitative Genetics

A QTL for Number of Teats Shows Breed Specific Effects on Number of Vertebrae in Pigs: Bridging the Gap Between Molecular and Quantitative Genetics

The Associations between the Duration of Folic Acid Supplementation, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, and Adverse Birth Outcomes based on a Birth Cohort

Awareness of Neural Tube Defects in Family Physicians

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Folic acid and vitamin B 12 fortification of food for preventing neural tube defects in Europe

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

A QTL for Number of Teats Shows Breed Specific Effects on Number of Vertebrae in Pigs: Bridging the Gap Between Molecular and Quantitative Genetics

A QTL for Number of Teats Shows Breed Specific Effects on Number of Vertebrae in Pigs: Bridging the Gap Between Molecular and Quantitative Genetics

The Associations between the Duration of Folic Acid Supplementation, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, and Adverse Birth Outcomes based on a Birth Cohort

Awareness of Neural Tube Defects in Family Physicians

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Folic acid and vitamin B ₁₂ fortification of food for preventing neural tube defects in Europe