Foliar Endophytic Fungi Inhabiting an Annual Grass Along an Aridity Gradient

Penner, Shira; Sapir, Yuval

doi:10.1007/s00284-021-02437-5

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The latter is likely associated with microclimate conditions, highlighting the importance of integrating both local and regional environmental factors in studying FE community composition. Our results concur with previous studies, which showed that marked aridity gradients or distinct aridity conditions modulate rhizosphere and endosphere fungal diversity and community composition [ 25 , 30 , 31 ]. For example, there is evidence that foliar FE richness in the annual plant Brachypodium sp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…was greater in wetter sites (over 1000 mm of annual precipitation) than in the drier sites along an aridity gradient (less than 500 mm of annual precipitation) [ 25 ]. By contrast, for the cactus Opuntia ficus-indica , it was shown that alpha fungal diversity in the rhizosphere and endosphere did not change along a bioclimatic gradient from 1200 to 200 mm of annual precipitation [ 31 ]. However, the aridity gradient significantly contributed to differences in fungal species composition (beta diversity) [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in Diversity and Community Composition of Root Endophytic Fungi Associated with Aristolochia chilensis along an Aridity Gradient in the Atacama Desert

Guevara‐Araya

Escobedo

Palma-Onetto

et al. 2022

Plants

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Despite the widespread occurrence of fungal endophytes (FE) in plants inhabiting arid ecosystems, the environmental and soil factors that modulate changes in FE diversity and community composition along an aridity gradient have been little explored. We studied three locations along the coast of the Atacama Desert in Chile, in which the plant Aristolochia chilensis naturally grows, and that differ in their aridity gradient from hyper-arid to semi-arid. We evaluated if root-associated FE diversity (frequency, richness and diversity indexes) and community composition vary as a function of aridity. Additionally, we assessed whether edaphic factors co-varying with aridity (soil water potential, soil moisture, pH and nutrients) may structure FE communities. We expected that FE diversity would gradually increase towards the aridity gradient declines, and that those locations that had the most contrasting environments would show more dissimilar FE communities. We found that richness indexes were inversely related to aridity, although this pattern was only partially observed for FE frequency and diversity. FE community composition was dissimilar among contrasting locations, and soil water availability significantly influenced FE community composition across the gradient. The results indicate that FE diversity and community composition associated with A. chilensis relate to differences in the aridity level across the gradient. Overall, our findings reveal the importance of climate-related factors in shaping changes in diversity, structure and distribution of FE in desert ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Diversity and Community Composition of Root Endophytic Fungi Associated with Aristolochia chilensis along an Aridity Gradient in the Atacama Desert

Guevara‐Araya

Escobedo

Palma-Onetto

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Environment and endophyte diversity-Assessing microbial diversity patterns, we found that bacterial endophyte species (Shannon's index) and phylogenetic (Faith's PD) diversity were remarkably consistent across host species and all environmental variables measured. Fungal endophyte diversity, however, was significantly greater in less arid and high precipitation regions (although insignificant in multivariate analyses), which is in accordance with observations of increased richness of foliar endophytic fungi of an annual grass at wetter locations in the Mediterranean by Penner and Sapir (2021), as well as of a tree species in a Hawaiian terrain by Zimmerman and Vitousek (2012). Our results showing non-significance of latitude contrast with previous investigations demonstrating a commonly observed latitudinal diversity gradient, in which diversity declines from equatorial to polar regions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Phylogenetic and spatial determinants of leaf endophyte microbiomes in the flowering plant genusHeuchera(Saxifragaceae)

Pantinople,

Conner,

Sutton-Dauber

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Premise: Endophytic plant-microbe interactions range from mutualistic relationships that confer important ecological and agricultural traits to neutral or quasi-parasitic relationships. In contrast to root-associated endophytes, the role of environmental and host-related factors for acquiring leaf endophyte communities remains relatively unexplored. Here we assess leaf endophyte diversity to test the hypothesis that membership of these microbial communities is driven primarily by abiotic environment and host phylogeny. Methods: We used a broad geographic coverage of North America in the genus,Heuchera(Saxifragaceae). Bacterial and fungal communities were characterized with 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing, using QIIME2 to call operational taxonomic units and calculate species richness, Shannon diversity, and phylogenetic diversity. We assembled environmental predictors for microbial diversity at collection sites including latitude, elevation, temperature, precipitation, and soil parameters. Results: We find differing assembly patterns for bacterial and fungal endophytes; we found that only host phylogeny is significantly associated with bacteria, while geographic distance alone was the best predictor of fungal community composition. Species richness and phylogenetic diversity are very similar across sites and species, with only fungi showing a response to aridity and precipitation for some metrics. Unlike what has been observed with root-associated microbial communities, in this system microbes show no relationship with pH or other soil factors. Conclusions: Host phylogeny and geographic distance independently influence different microbial communities, while aridity and precipitation determine fungal diversity within leaves ofHeuchera. Our results indicate the importance of detailed clade-based investigation of microbiomes and the complexity of microbiome assembly within specific plant organs.

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“…At genus resolution, plant samples showed a high abundance of genera that have been already described as endophytes: Exophiala (Yu et al, 2021), Monosporascus (Guo and Zou, 2020), Paraphoma (Kang et al, 2021), Plectospherella (Feng et al, 2021;Wei et al, 2021), Podospora (Penner and Sapir, 2021). Some of these genera were even identified in Brassicaceae plant endospheres, including Exophiala (Maciá-Vicente et al, 2016), Plectosphaerella (Plaszkó et al, 2020;Ważny et al, 2021), Setophoma (Szűcs et al, 2018;Poveda et al, 2020), or as a common pathogen: Thanatephorus (teleomorph of Rhizoctonia) (Dean et al, 2012).…”

Section: Fungal Community Composition and Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations Between the Metabolome and the Endophytic Fungal Metagenome Suggests Importance of Various Metabolite Classes in Community Assembly in Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, Brassicaceae) Roots

et al. 2022

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The plant microbiome is an increasingly intensive research area, with significance in agriculture, general plant health, and production of bioactive natural products. Correlations between the fungal endophytic communities and plant chemistry can provide insight into these interactions, and suggest key contributors on both the chemical and fungal side. In this study, roots of various horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) accessions grown under the same conditions were sampled in two consecutive years and chemically characterized using a quality controlled, untargeted metabolomics approach by LC-ESI-MS/MS. Sinigrin, gluconasturtiin, glucoiberin, and glucobrassicin were also quantified. Thereafter, a subset of roots from eight accessions (n = 64) with considerable chemical variability was assessed for their endophytic fungal community, using an ITS2 amplicon-based metagenomic approach using a custom primer with high coverage on fungi, but no amplification of host internal transcribed spacer (ITS). A set of 335 chemical features, including putatively identified flavonoids, phospholipids, peptides, amino acid derivatives, indolic phytoalexins, a glucosinolate, and a glucosinolate downstream product was detected. Major taxa in horseradish roots belonged to Cantharellales, Glomerellales, Hypocreales, Pleosporales, Saccharomycetales, and Sordariales. Most abundant genera included typical endophytes such as Plectosphaerella, Thanatephorus, Podospora, Monosporascus, Exophiala, and Setophoma. A surprising dominance of single taxa was observed for many samples. In summary, 35.23% of reads of the plant endophytic fungal microbiome correlated with changes in the plant metabolome. While the concentration of flavonoid kaempferol glycosides positively correlated with the abundance of many fungal strains, many compounds showed negative correlations with fungi including indolic phytoalexins, a putative glucosinolate but not major glucosinolates and a glutathione isothiocyanate adduct. The latter is likely an in vivo glucosinolate decomposition product important in fungal arrest. Our results show the potency of the untargeted metabolomics approach in deciphering plant–microbe interactions and depicts a complex array of various metabolite classes in shaping the endophytic fungal community.

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Foliar Endophytic Fungi Inhabiting an Annual Grass Along an Aridity Gradient

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Changes in Diversity and Community Composition of Root Endophytic Fungi Associated with Aristolochia chilensis along an Aridity Gradient in the Atacama Desert

Changes in Diversity and Community Composition of Root Endophytic Fungi Associated with Aristolochia chilensis along an Aridity Gradient in the Atacama Desert

Phylogenetic and spatial determinants of leaf endophyte microbiomes in the flowering plant genusHeuchera(Saxifragaceae)

Correlations Between the Metabolome and the Endophytic Fungal Metagenome Suggests Importance of Various Metabolite Classes in Community Assembly in Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, Brassicaceae) Roots

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