Foliar application of entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi for the management of the diamond back moth in greenhouse and field

Sáenz-Aponte, A.; Correa-Cuadros, Jennifer Paola; Rodriguez-Bocanegra, María Ximena

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2019.104163

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Findings of Beris et al (2013) and Gabarty et al (2014) support our findings suggesting that different application methods pose different virulent effects in insect pests including DBM respectively. Another study conducted by Sáenz-Aponte et al (2020) also testify our results that different methods of fungal spore's application had different virulent activities against host insect. This might be due to the fact that successful sporulation of fungi on P. xylostella larvae depended on spores' adhesion and penetration to the host cuticle, therefore spraying fungal suspension on larvae confirmed a maximum probability that more number of conidia had adhered to insect surface (Qayyum et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Shehzad

Tariq

Mukhtar

et al. 2021

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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Background The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a noxious pest of cruciferous crops all over the world causing serious economic damage. Management of insect pest generally depends on chemical control; however, due to development of resistance against all types of insecticides, alternative approaches especially utilization of a microbial agent is inevitable. Results Potential of 2 entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), viz., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, was evaluated against 2nd and 3rd larval instars of P. xylostella by adopting leaf dip and direct spraying methods under laboratory conditions. Significant mortality rate was achieved by each fungus under adopted methodologies. However, B. bassiana was found to be more effective in both conditions than M. anisopliae. Highest mean corrected mortality (77.80%) was recorded, when spores of B. bassiana were sprayed on the 2nd instar larvae (LC50=1.78×104/ml) after the 6th day of treatment. Similarly, incase of M. anisopliae LC50 for the 2nd instar at the same methodology was 2.78×104/ml with a mortality percentage of 70.0%. Offspring sex ratio was non-significantly related to treatment concentration and methodology, except for the control. Conclusion Beauveria bassiana and M. anisopliae had potential to suppress P. xylostella infestations when applied appropriately. Present findings suggested that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae when sprayed on immatures of host insect had more effect as compared to leaf dip procedure. Furthermore, no significant effect of concentrations was observed on sex ratio.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Shehzad

Tariq

Mukhtar

et al. 2021

Egypt J Biol Pest Control

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“…Testing isolates CTL20 and I12 Damo against other insect pests is required to assess their host range and examine their consistency. For killing time, isolates CTL20 and I12 Damo killed the target host faster than isolates used in other studies [ 48 , 69 , 70 , 71 ]. These findings revealed that Beauveria isolates of this study might have more potential to control particular pests than those isolates already developed or introduced from other locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Biological Control of Diamondback Moth—Increased Efficacy with Mixtures of Beauveria Fungi

et al. 2022

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Diamondback moth (DBM) is an important horticultural pest worldwide as the larvae of these moths feed on the leaves of cruciferous vegetables. As DBM has developed resistance to more than 100 classes of synthetic insecticides, new biological control options are urgently required. Beauveria species are entomopathogenic fungi recognized as the most important fungal genus for controlling a wide range of agricultural, forestry, and veterinary arthropod pests. Previous research, aimed at developing new Beauveria-based biopesticides for DBM, has focused on screening single isolates of Beauveria bassiana. However, these fungal isolates have individual requirements, which may limit their effectiveness in some environments. This current study separately assessed 14 Beauveria isolates, from a range of habitats and aligned to four different species (Beauveria bassiana, B. caledonica, B. malawiensis, and B. pseudobassiana), to determine the most effective isolate for the control of DBM. Further assays then assessed whether selected combinations of these fungal isolates could increase the overall efficacy against DBM. Six Beauveria isolates (three B. bassiana and three B. pseudobassiana) achieved high DBM mortality at a low application rate with the first documented report of B. pseudobassiana able to kill 100% of DBM larvae. Further research determined that applications of low-virulent Beauveria isolates improved the control of DBM compared to mixtures containing high-virulent isolates. This novel approach increased the DBM pest mortality and shortened the time to kill.

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“…Entomopathogenic nematodes are most often used against soil dwelling insect stages [ 69 ], as their infective juveniles can suffer from desiccation and UV radiation [ 70 ]. On the other hand, as it has been demonstrated, the combined use of EPNs with EPF was deemed promising for the control of the foliar pests, such as the diamondback moth, P. xyllostella [ 52 , 53 ]. Nevertheless, it is likely that soil dwelling insect stages are the primary candidates for nematode fungus applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of the timing of the nematode application proved to be of an extreme importance as in the hosts treated with both pathogens simultaneously, as well those treated with the nematodes 2 and 4 days after the fungus, the interaction was antagonistic in terms of host mortality, whereas the in the hosts treated with the nematodes 6 days after the fungus, the mortality was higher than the sums of mortalities using the single pathogen applications, and the interaction was thus synergistic. The joint action of same pathogens H. bacteriophora and fungi B. bassiana s.s. and M. anisopliae s.s. against P. xylostella was evaluated also both in greenhouse and field conditions [ 53 ]. Combined treatments produced the lowest damage percentage on plants and resulted in the highest productivity, with the most efficient combination of H. bacteriophora and M. anisopliae s.s.…”

Section: Interactions Of Epn and Epf In Biocontrolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between Entomopathogenic Fungi and Entomopathogenic Nematodes

Půža

Tarasco

2023

Microorganisms

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Entomopathogenic fungi and entomopathogenic nematodes are globally distributed soil organisms capable of infecting and killing a vast variety of insects. Therefore, these organisms are frequently used as biocontrol agents in insect pest management. Both entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes share the soil environment and thus can infest and compete for the same insect host; however, natural co-infections are rarely found due to the cryptic soil environment. Our current knowledge on their interactions within hosts mainly comes from laboratory experiments. Because of the recent trend of combining biocontrol agents to increase their efficacy, many studies have focused on the co-application of different species of EPF and EPNs against various insect pests with variable outcomes ranging from synergistic effects and additive effects to antagonism. In addition, the effect on the development and reproduction of each pathogen varies from normal reproduction to exclusion, and generally the outcomes of the interactions are dependent on pathogen and host species, pathogen doses, and the timing of infection. The present review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the interactions of entomopathogenic fungi and nematodes within an insect host and to estimate the possible effects of the interactions on natural pathogen populations and on their use in biocontrol.

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Foliar application of entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi for the management of the diamond back moth in greenhouse and field

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Biological Control of Diamondback Moth—Increased Efficacy with Mixtures of Beauveria Fungi

Interactions between Entomopathogenic Fungi and Entomopathogenic Nematodes

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