Foliar Application of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Suppresses Fusarium Wilt Development on Chrysanthemum

Abstract

Micronutrients applied as nanoparticles of metal oxides have shown efficacy in vegetable and other crops for improving yield and reducing Fusarium diseases, but their role in ornamental crop management has not been investigated. In 2017, 2018, and 2020, nanoparticles of CuO, Mn 2 O 3 , or ZnO were foliarly applied at 500 μg/mL (0.6 mg/plant) to chrysanthemum transplants and planted in potting soil noninfested or infested with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. chrysanthemi. An untreated control and a commercial fungicide, Fludioxonil, was also included. Chrysanthemums treated with nanoscale CuO had a 55, 30, and 32% reduction in disease severity ratings compared to untreated plants in 2017, 2018, and 2020, respectively. Specifically, the average dry biomass for the three years was reduced 22% by disease, but treatment with nanoscale CuO led to a 23% increase when compared to controls. Similar trends with plant height were observed. Horticultural quality was improved 28% with nano CuO and was equal to the fungicide. Nanoscale Mn 2 O 3 and the fungicide did not consistently reduce disease ratings or increase dry biomass each year. Nanoscale ZnO was ineffective. Nanoscale CuO-treated plants had 24 to 48% more Cu/ g tissue than controls (P < 0.001). These findings agree with past reports on food crops where single applications of nanoscale CuO improved plant health, growth, and yield and could offer significant impacts for managing plant diseases on ornamentals.

Influence of Biopesticides and Natural Preparations on the Regulation of Diseases and Pests in the Ecological Protection of Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) and Cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.)

“…The efficiency of copper-oxide was 86,6% for Fusarium oxysporum, 83,3% for Alternaria solani, and 23,3% for Phytophthora infestans. Similar research in the reduction of fusarium wilt was conducted on Chrysanthemums plants with nanoscale CuO and results were in the range from 32-55% [13]. Copper-oxide treatment in dosage 50 mg/L had efficiency of 54,28% in reducing Phytophthora infestans on potato plants in vitro conditions [14].…”

Difference responses of soil fungal communities to cattle and chicken manure composting application

“…Acremonium persicinum accumulated the most copper (Mohammadian et al, 2017), however, it was sensitive to As (Priyadarshini et al, 2021). There was a significant link between the copper level and Fusarium abundance in fresh chicken manure, composted chicken manure, and soil, showing that Fusarium has a higher Cu resistance (Elmer et al, 2021). Aspergillus has a high tolerance for heavy metals (Liu et al, 2020), which may be a result of enhanced activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase and citrate synthetase enzymes as well as enhancement of Aspergillus’ TCA cycle (Qiu et al, 2021).…”

Latent Benefits and Toxicity Risks Transmission Chain of High Dietary Copper along the Livestock–Environment–Plant–Human Health Axis and Microbial Homeostasis: A Review

“…Moreover, the application of Cu–NPs effectively treats Fusarium diseases while promoting the growth of tomato plants ( S. lycopersicum L.) . Except for food crops, CuO–NPs can also reduce Fusarium diseases for chrysanthemum plants, thus offering significant impacts for managing plant diseases on ornamentals …”

“…Supplementing with 2 mg/kg of Cu–NPs can also increase growth performance in fish . Meanwhile, Cu-based NPs are also considered as plant growth promoters in several plant species, such as zucchini, alfalfa, and maize, , as well as improving the antioxidant and disease resistance ability in rice, wheat, , tomato, and chrysanthemum plants, as mentioned above.…”

“…Besides, Cu-based NPs also have a high ability to resist viral infection, such as Hepatitis C Virus, Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSV), and SARS-CoV-2 . Therefore, the strong microbicidal properties make Cu-based NPs widely used in the biomedicine industry as well as agricultural industry such as plants and livestock fields. , …”