Folded plate structures made of glass laminates: a proposal for the structural assessment

Marinitsch, Stefan; Schranz, Christian; Teich, Martien

doi:10.1007/s40940-015-0002-1

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…According to guideline ETAG 002 [62], -20°C and 80°C are considered as temperature limits for practical purpose in civil engineering 11 …”

Section: Test Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further analyses of this phenomenon are provided in the following sections. The failure 11 According to ETAG 002 low temperature limit could be extended down to -40°C for European Nordic countries if required [62]. 12 One additional test is performed on a spare sample, unloading the specimens after reaching 90% of the average failure load.…”

Section: Tssa Under Tensile Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laminated connections under tensile load at different temperatures and strain rates

Santarsiero¹,

Louter²,

Nussbaumer³

2017

International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives

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In the last years, a novel typology of adhesive connections for structural glass application has emerged, known as laminated adhesive connections, which makes use of the transparent ionomer SentryGlas® (SG) from Kuraray and the Transparent Structural Silicon Adhesive (TSSA) from Dow Corning. Despite being used in several projects, limited information is available in literature on their mechanical behaviour and on the effects of strain rate and temperature. In this work the behaviour of laminated connections under tensile loading is studied by means of experimental, analytical and numerical analyses. The experimental investigations show that temperature and strain rate variations have important effects on the mechanical response of the connections. Two main interesting phenomena are also observed: the whitening phenomenon in TSSA and the development of bubble within the SG adhesive. The analytical studies of the stress state show that confinement state of the adhesive induces a non-uniform three-dimensional stress distribution in the adhesive with a dominant hydrostatic component of the stress tensor, which is observed to be in agreement with the experimental results. Three-dimensional finite numerical analyses show that the stress field deviates from the uniform distribution with a large gradient of hydrostatic and deviatoric stresses over the adhesive area. The output of the finite numerical model are then compared with the observations of the experimental campaigns. Herein, the full set of numerical results is synthetized by the definition of socalled stress factors. The latter allow to derive the three-dimensional stress state in the adhesive at different temperatures and to compute the stress peak in the non-linear stress field distribution. Finally, prediction models are proposed for the tensile resistance of TSSA and SG laminated connections. A logarithmic law is proposed for the strain rate effects for both TSSA and SG connections. Linear and inverse hyperbolic-tangent-based laws are instead proposed for the TSSA and SG temperature effects, respectively. KeywordsLaminated adhesive connections, structural glass, experimental investigation, numerical modeling, tensile loading, strain rate effect, temperature effect -3 -

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“…According to guideline ETAG 002 [62], -20°C and 80°C are considered as temperature limits for practical purpose in civil engineering 11 …”

Section: Test Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tssa Under Tensile Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laminated connections under tensile load at different temperatures and strain rates

Santarsiero¹,

Louter²,

Nussbaumer³

2017

International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives

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“…In accordance with Carvalho’ design concept, a similar connection can be found in the internal glass ceiling of the Zurich Stadtbad, see ref . Marinitsch also investigated a connection detail for folded plate structures made of glass laminates, being composed of triple LG sections incorporating metal inserts within the interlayer thicknesses. Based on experimental and numerical studies, it was preliminary shown that the proposed design connection − consisting of − can be effective for structures with up 15 m span.…”

Section: Existing Research On Small‐scale Components and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparency in Structural Glass Systems Via Mechanical, Adhesive, and Laminated Connections ‐ Existing Research and Developments

Bedon

Santarsiero²

2018

Adv Eng Mater

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The consistent architectural transparency demand in buildings is highly promoting the structural use of glass, in combination or to replace loadbearing components made of traditional constructional materials. Despite its huge application in facades, roofs, envelopes, frame components, however, glass still represents a rather innovative and not well-known material, requiring specific design conceptsm and further extended studies, toward the fulfillme nt of safe design requirements. A key role in glass systems and assemblies involving multiple components is given to connections. Major issues in their design, consequently, arise from restraining single glazing elements, as well as from ensuring their mechanical interaction with other constructional systems, as a part of full 3D buildings, including several materials, and various loading/boundary conditions. In this paper, an overview of typical connection types in use for glass systems is presented, with special consideration for mechanical, adhesive, and laminated adhesive connections, giving evidence of their typical applications, evolution, current design issues. Existing research and major projects are also discussed, both at the material/component level as well as at the assembly level.

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“…Depending on the geometric configuration and the thickness of the insert (Bedon and Santarsiero 2018b) (Fig. 1), these connections are classified into embedded laminated connections with thick (Santarsiero et al 2017(Santarsiero et al , 2018Bedon and Santarsiero 2018) and thin insert (Belis et al 2009;Puller and Sobek 2012;Carvalho et al 2012;Denonville et al 2013;Santarsiero et al 2013;Marinitsch et al 2016;Louter and Santarsiero 2019). The studies on the embedded connections with thin insert show that the connection achieves relatively high load-bearing capacity but its mechanical response (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural performance of a novel liquid-laminated embedded connection for glass

Volakos

Davis

Teich³

et al. 2021

Glass Struct Eng

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Connections between load-bearing glass components play a major role in terms of the structural integrity and aesthetics of glass applications. Recently, a new type of adhesive connection, known as embedded laminated glass connections, has been developed where a metallic insert is embedded within a laminated glass unit by means of transparent polymeric foil interlayers and assembled through an autoclave lamination process. In this study, a novel variant of this connection, consisting of a thin steel insert encapsulated by a transparent cold-poured resin, is proposed and examined. In particular, the axial tensile mechanical response of this connection is assessed via numerical (FE) analyses and destructive pull-out tests performed on physical prototypes at different displacement rates in order to assess the effect of the strain rate-dependent behaviour of the resin interlayer. It was found that the pull-out stiffness, the maximum load-bearing capacity and the failure mode of the connection are significantly affected by the imposed displacement rate. The numerical (FE) analysis of the pull-out tests, performed in Abaqus, showed that the complex state of stress in the vicinity of the connection is the result of two load-transfer mechanisms and that the relative contribution of these mechanisms depends on the insert geometry and the relative stiffnesses of the constituent materials. Overall, it is concluded that the prototypes are promising in terms of manufacturability, aesthetics and structural performance and thus the novel variant connection considered in this study offers a promising alternative to existing load-bearing connections for laminated glass structures, but further investigations are required to ascertain its suitability for real-world applications.

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Folded plate structures made of glass laminates: a proposal for the structural assessment

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Laminated connections under tensile load at different temperatures and strain rates

Laminated connections under tensile load at different temperatures and strain rates

Transparency in Structural Glass Systems Via Mechanical, Adhesive, and Laminated Connections ‐ Existing Research and Developments

Structural performance of a novel liquid-laminated embedded connection for glass

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