“…Several types of devices have been developed for focusing high-energy X-rays above 50 keV, such as Fresnel zone plates (FZPs) (Kamijo et al, 2003;Snigireva et al, 2007;Tamura et al, 2009), multilayer Laue lenses (MLLs) (Li et al, 2023), compound refractive lenses (CRLs) (Snigirev et al, 2004(Snigirev et al, , 2007Vaughan et al, 2010;Shastri et al, 2014Shastri et al, , 2020Brancewicz et al, 2016;Hirao & Ohishi, 2022) and total-reflection Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) optics (Suzuki et al, 2007;Hayashi et al, 2016). Both FZPs and CRLs are on-axis devices keeping simple optical geometry, while they have chromatic aberration with a reduced throughput.…”