Focused and Nonfocused Attention in Verbal and Emotional Dichotic Listening: An FMRI Study

Jäncke, Lutz; Buchanan, Tony W.; Lutz, Kai; Shah, N. Jon

doi:10.1006/brln.2000.2476

Cited by 136 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This general attentional effect is consistent with numerous auditory ERP studies (Hillyard et al, 1973;Woldorff et al, 1993; as well as with prior imaging studies using various speech (Grady et al, 1997;Hashimoto et al, 2000;Hugdahl et al, 2000;Hugdahl et al, 2003;Jancke et al, 2001;Jancke et al, 1999;O'Leary et al, 1997;Pugh et al, 1996;Vingerhoets & Luppens, 2001) and nonspeech (Hall et al, 2000;Jancke et al, 2003) auditory stimuli. Contrasts emphasizing speech sound processing (Speech-Rotated) and lexical processing (Word-Pseudoword) showed not only main effects of these stimulus variables but also strong interactions between attention and stimulus type.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Attentional and linguistic interactions in speech perception

et al. 2008

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The role of attention in speech comprehension is not well understood. We used fMRI to study the neural correlates of auditory word, pseudoword, and nonspeech (spectrally-rotated speech) perception during a bimodal (auditory, visual) selective attention task. In three conditions, Attend Auditory (ignore visual), Ignore Auditory (attend visual), and Visual (no auditory stimulation), 28 subjects performed a one-back matching task in the assigned attended modality. The visual task, attending to rapidly presented Japanese characters, was designed to be highly demanding in order to prevent attention to the simultaneously presented auditory stimuli. Regardless of stimulus type, attention to the auditory channel enhanced activation by the auditory stimuli (Attend Auditory > Ignore Auditory) in bilateral posterior superior temporal regions and left inferior frontal cortex. Across attentional conditions, there were main effects of speech processing (word + pseudoword > rotated speech) in left orbitofrontal cortex and several posterior right hemisphere regions, though these areas also showed strong interactions with attention (larger speech effects in the Attend Auditory than in the Ignore Auditory condition) and no significant speech effects in the Ignore Auditory condition. Several other regions, including the postcentral gyri, left supramarginal gyrus, and temporal lobes bilaterally, showed similar interactions due to the presence of speech effects only in the Attend Auditory condition. Main effects of lexicality (word > pseudoword) were isolated to a small region of the left lateral prefrontal cortex. Examination of this region showed significant word > pseudoword activation only in the Attend Auditory condition. Several other brain regions, including left ventromedial frontal lobe, left dorsal prefrontal cortex, and left middle temporal gyrus, showed attention × lexicality interactions due to the presence of lexical activation only in the Attend Auditory condition. These results support a model in which neutral speech presented in an unattended sensory channel undergoes relatively little processing beyond the early perceptual level. Specifically, processing of phonetic and lexical-semantic information appears to be very limited in such circumstances, consistent with prior behavioral studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Attentional and linguistic interactions in speech perception

et al. 2008

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“…Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that selective attention enhances auditory cortex responses (14,(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43). Our present MEG results extend these findings and shed light on the underlying neural mechanisms, showing that selective attention modulates response adaptation in the anterior ''what'' and posterior ''where'' pathways of nonprimary auditory cortex in a feature-specific fashion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Overall enhancement of human auditory cortex activity by selective attention has been verified by functional MRI (fMRI) (14,(33)(34)(35)(36)(37), positron emission tomography (38)(39)(40), electroencephalography (41), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) (42) studies, and recent fMRI results further implied that these effects mainly occur in the nonprimary auditory areas (37). Dichotic listening studies of spatial attention suggest signal enhancements in auditory areas contralateral to the attended ear (38,42,43). However, although distinct prefrontal and parietal activations to attentional processing of ''what'' vs. ''where'' auditory information have been consistently reported (9,(13)(14)(15)(16), previous positron emission tomography and fMRI studies have failed to find evidence for feature-specific attentional effects for sound identity and location in the auditory cortex (37,39).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Task-modulated “what” and “where” pathways in human auditory cortex

Ahveninen

Jä̈askëlainen

Raij

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

318

290

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Human neuroimaging studies suggest that localization and identification of relevant auditory objects are accomplished via parallel parietal-to-lateral-prefrontal ''where'' and anterior-temporal-toinferior-frontal ''what'' pathways, respectively. Using combined hemodynamic (functional MRI) and electromagnetic (magnetoencephalography) measurements, we investigated whether such dual pathways exist already in the human nonprimary auditory cortex, as suggested by animal models, and whether selective attention facilitates sound localization and identification by modulating these pathways in a feature-specific fashion. We found a double dissociation in response adaptation to sound pairs with phonetic vs. spatial sound changes, demonstrating that the human nonprimary auditory cortex indeed processes speech-sound identity

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“…The planum temporale is conceptualized as a "computational" hub for the processing of complex auditory stimuli (Griffiths & Warren, 2002) and responds differently in AP musicians in the context of auditory information processing (Elmer, Meyer, & Jäncke, 2012;Ohnishi et al, 2001). The planum polare is involved in controlling prosodic and attentionrelated auditory processes (Jäncke, Buchanan, Lutz, & Shah, 2001;Meyer, Friederici, & von Cramon, 2000), and the STS is a brain area known to integrate information from different modalities (Oechslin et al, 2010;Hugdahl, Løberg, & Nygård, 2009;Schulze et al, 2009;Hein & Knight, 2008). Interestingly, the left-sided STS region, where we identified a strong hub in AP musicians, is strongly involved in phonetic, linguistic, and prosodic processing especially in AP (Oechslin et al, 2010) and RP musicians (Elmer et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diminished Whole-brain but Enhanced Peri-sylvian Connectivity in Absolute Pitch Musicians

Jäncke

Langer

Hänggi

2012

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Several anatomical studies have identified specific anatomical features within the peri-sylvian brain system of absolute pitch (AP) musicians. In this study we used graph theoretical analysis of cortical thickness covariations (as indirect indicator of connectivity) to examine whether AP musicians differ from relative pitch musicians and nonmusicians in small-world network characteristics. We measured "local connectedness" (local clustering = ), "global efficiency of information transfer" (path length = ), "small-worldness" ( = /), and "degree" centrality as measures of connectivity. Although all groups demonstrated typical small-world features, AP musicians showed significant small-world alterations. "Degree" as a measure of interconnectedness was globally significantly decreased in AP musicians. These differences let us suggest that AP musicians demonstrate diminished neural integration (less connections) among distant brain regions. In addition, AP musicians demonstrated significantly increased local connectivity in peri-sylvian language areas of which the planum temporale, planum polare, Heschl's gyrus, lateral aspect of the superior temporal gyrus, STS, pars triangularis, and pars opercularis were hub regions. All of these brain areas are known to be involved in higher-order auditory processing, working or semantic memory processes. Taken together, whereas AP musicians demonstrate decreased global interconnectedness, the local connectedness in peri-sylvian brain areas is significantly higher than for relative pitch musicians and nonmusicians. ical features within the peri-sylvian brain system of absolute pitch (AP) musicians. In this study we used graph theoretical analysis of cortical thickness covariations (as indirect indicator of connectivity) to examine whether AP musicians differ from relative pitch musicians and nonmusicians in small-world network characteristics. We measured "local connectedness" (local clustering = γ), "global efficiency of information transfer" (path length = λ), "small-worldness" (σ = γ/λ), and "degree" centrality as measures of connectivity. Although all groups demonstrated typical small-world features, AP musicians showed significant small-world alterations. "Degree" as a measure of interconnectedness was globally significantly decreased in AP musicians. These differences let us suggest that AP musicians demonstrate diminished neural integration (less connections) among distant brain regions. In addition, AP musicians demonstrated significantly increased local connectivity in peri-sylvian language areas of which the planum temporale, planum polare, Heschlʼs gyrus, lateral aspect of the superior temporal gyrus, STS, pars triangularis, and pars opercularis were hub regions. All of these brain areas are known to be involved in higherorder auditory processing, working or semantic memory processes. Taken together, whereas AP musicians demonstrate decreased global interconnectedness, the local connectedness in perisylvian brain areas is significantly higher than for relativ...

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Focused and Nonfocused Attention in Verbal and Emotional Dichotic Listening: An FMRI Study

Cited by 136 publications

References 45 publications

Attentional and linguistic interactions in speech perception

Attentional and linguistic interactions in speech perception

Task-modulated “what” and “where” pathways in human auditory cortex

Diminished Whole-brain but Enhanced Peri-sylvian Connectivity in Absolute Pitch Musicians

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