Focus on cutaneous and uveal melanoma specificities

Pandiani, Charlotte; Béranger, Guillaume E.; Leclerc, J. C.; Ballotti, Robert; Bertolotto, Corine

doi:10.1101/gad.296962.117

Cited by 80 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 228 publications

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“…Nevertheless, gene expression profiling of uveal melanoma suggests two distinct phenotypes differentiated by either low or high risk that were characterized by differential expression of E-cadherin and the transcription factor Id1 (Onken et al 2004), and phenotypic plasticity has been observed in uveal melanoma cultures (Doherty et al 2017). Thus, while uveal melanoma has a different genetic basis than cutaneous melanoma, being driven by activating mutations in GNAQ or GNA11 (Van Raamsdonk et al 2009, 2010Pandiani et al 2017); nevertheless, it seems likely that phenotypic heterogeneity will play a key role in disease progression of noncutaneous melanomas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma plasticity and phenotypic diversity: therapeutic barriers and opportunities

2019

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An incomplete view of the mechanisms that drive metastasis, the primary cause of cancer-related death, has been a major barrier to development of effective therapeutics and prognostic diagnostics. Increasing evidence indicates that the interplay between microenvironment, genetic lesions, and cellular plasticity drives the metastatic cascade and resistance to therapies. Here, using melanoma as a model, we outline the diversity and trajectories of cell states during metastatic dissemination and therapy exposure, and highlight how understanding the magnitude and dynamics of nongenetic reprogramming in space and time at single-cell resolution can be exploited to develop therapeutic strategies that capitalize on nongenetic tumor evolution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanoma plasticity and phenotypic diversity: therapeutic barriers and opportunities

2019

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“…The functioning of the epidermal unity is independent of the follicle unity. Melanocytes of the hair follicle have larger, more ramified melanosomes and the Golgi apparatus and rugged endoplasmic reticulum are better developed (26).…”

Section: The Melanocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and physiological implications of melanic pigments (Review)

et al. 2019

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The process of melanin synthesis and distribution is called melanogenesis, a process that is based on melanocytes present among the basal cells of the epidermis. Pigments formed in melanocyte melanosomes are then stored in the basal layer of epidermal cells, as well as in dermal macrophages, which become melanophores. From the embryological point of view, melanocytes derive from the melanoblasts of the neural crest, from where they migrate during the first months of life into the skin, eye, cochlea, bone, peripheral nervous system, heart and adipose tissue. The melanic pigments, eumelanin and pheomelanin, are the final product of complex biochemical reactions starting from the amino acid L-tyrosine. Melanin has a major role in skin homeostasis through the photoprotection it offers from the harmful effect of ultraviolet radiation. Melanin absorbs and/or reflects ultraviolet radiation but is also involved in the neutralizing process of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Pigmentogenesis is a dependent oxygen process and is controlled by intrinsic factors (genetic and hormonal) as well as extrinsic factors (ultraviolet radiation). Melanogenesis is stimulated by stimulant melanocytic hormone, adrenocorticotropin hormone, estrogens and progesterone. The present review aimed to provide a summary of recent data about melanogenesis physiology.

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“…Contradictory to a previous study (42), SNHG7 was preferentially located in the nucleus in both MEL270 and OMM2.5 cell lines in the present study. UM is significantly different from cutaneous melanoma and has unique tumorigenic processes and tumor biology (43). Thus, the present study suggests that the effect of SNHG7 in UM may be attributed to the specificity of the intraocular tumor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

lncRNA SNHG7 affects malignant tumor behaviors through downregulation of EZH2 in uveal melanoma cell lines

Yuan

et al. 2019

Oncol Lett

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Previous studies have demonstrated that the long non-coding RNA, small nucleolar RNA host gene 7 (SNHG7) plays an important role in several types of cancer; however, its role in the development of uveal melanoma (UM) remains unclear. The present study investigated the effect of SNHG7 on the prognosis of UM, as well as on cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of UM cell lines. Furthermore, the present study aimed to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. The association between SNHG7 and prognosis of UM was analyzed using detailed SNHG7 mRNA expression data and clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used in order to detect the differential expression of SNHG7 in UM tissues and cell lines. Cell proliferation was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, following overexpression of SNHG7. A cell cycle assay was performed using propidium iodide/RNase staining. An apoptosis assay was performed using the Annexin-V-Fluorescein isothiocyanate apoptosis detection kit. The expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) was measured via western blotting. The results of the present study indicated that low expression of SNHG7 was associated with poor prognosis. Furthermore, increasing the expression of SNHG7 inhibited the proliferation of UM cells, suppressed cell cycle progression and promoted apoptosis. Western blot analysis results revealed that overexpression of SNHG7 downregulated EZH2 protein expression levels in UM cell lines. The results of the present study demonstrated that SNHG7 inhibited malignant transformation of UM cells by regulating EZH2 expression.

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Focus on cutaneous and uveal melanoma specificities

Cited by 80 publications

References 228 publications

Melanoma plasticity and phenotypic diversity: therapeutic barriers and opportunities

Melanoma plasticity and phenotypic diversity: therapeutic barriers and opportunities

Synthesis and physiological implications of melanic pigments (Review)

lncRNA SNHG7 affects malignant tumor behaviors through downregulation of EZH2 in uveal melanoma cell lines

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