Focus on Bioinspired Textured Surfaces toward Fluid Drag Reduction: Recent Progresses and Challenges

Tian, Guizhong; Zhang, Yaosheng; Feng, Xiaoming; Hu, Yushen

doi:10.1002/adem.202100696

Cited by 52 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 240 publications

(341 reference statements)

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“…Research on surface microstructure drag reduction is no longer limited to continuous and neat ribs with two-dimensional cross sections but gradually becomes intermittent and bifurcated to seek a higher drag reduction rate . Furthermore, some bionic surfaces with three-dimensional raised structures have been found to have drag reduction potential and have been extensively studied . Protrusive surfaces are abundant in nature, in the form of undulating peaks, cone trees, cactus spikes, and small spines on fish skin, which indicate adaptability to realistic operating conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Furthermore, some bionic surfaces with three-dimensional raised structures have been found to have drag reduction potential and have been extensively studied. 7 Protrusive surfaces are abundant in nature, in the form of undulating peaks, cone trees, cactus spikes, 8 and small spines on fish skin, which indicate adaptability to realistic operating conditions. It is reported that the protruding structure can raise the TBL and reduce the viscous drag, which is beneficial to reducing the drag.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Investigations of the Turbulent Boundary Layer for Biomimetic Protrusive Surfaces Inspired by Pufferfish Skin: Effects of Spinal Density and Diameter

et al. 2021

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Pufferfish is known for its extension of tiny spinecovered skin that appears to increase skin drag and may act as turbulisors, reducing overall drag while serving a protective function. Therefore, the present study addresses a neglected aspect of how spines affect the turbulent boundary layer (TBL) for drag reduction in the pufferfish skin. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was utilized to investigate the TBL structure on the biomimetic spine-covered protrusion samples inspired by the back skin of the pufferfish. The comparison samples of two sparse "ktype" arrangements (hexagon and staggered) for three types of rough element sizes with roughness heights k + = 5.5−6.5 (nearly hydraulically smooth) and smooth case in bulk Reynolds numbers (Re b = 37,129 and 44,554) were tested. The results of turbulence statistics of these samples indicate that both the sample (type hexagon) for large rough density (λ = 0.0215) with small roughness elements and the sample (type staggered) for small rough density (λ = 0.0148) with large roughness elements have a drag reduction rate of 5−11%. These two kinds of bionic surfaces have a similar morphology to that seen in the distribution of pufferfish spines and probably serve a similar hydrodynamic function. Vortex identification shows that the spines in the front section for large density with small rough elements stabilize the TBL and generate many small-scale vortices and the dense spines with large rough elements at the back section have the effect of separating the vortices. The retrograde vortex generated by them is beneficial to increasing the driving force of the pufferfish. In addition, these two rough surfaces may effectively delay the separation of the TBL. These results will provide a preliminary research foundation for the development of a more practical prototype of the bionic drag-reducing surfaces and strengthen the theoretical investigation concerning drag reduction exploration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigations of the Turbulent Boundary Layer for Biomimetic Protrusive Surfaces Inspired by Pufferfish Skin: Effects of Spinal Density and Diameter

et al. 2021

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“…The mucus at the bottom is not easily lost even at high inflow velocities because of the obstruction of the puffer spines. Moreover, the drag reduction function of the puffer spines has been proven. − …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Rheological Properties and Drag Reduction Performance of Puffer Epidermal Mucus

Zhang

Feng

Tian

et al. 2022

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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Most species of fish are covered with mucus, which provides the effect of reduction in swimming drag. In this paper, three concentrations of puffer epidermal mucus were obtained from the epidermal mucosa of puffer. The rheological properties and the drag reduction performance of the puffer epidermal mucus were characterized via a rheometer experimental and numerical simulation method. The relationship between the rheological properties and the drag reduction performance was analyzed and discussed, and the drag reduction mechanism of the puffer epidermal mucus was further explored. The results showed that the best drag reduction rate was 6.2% when the inflow velocity and concentration of puffer epidermal mucus were 0.1 m/s and 18.2 g/L, respectively. The rheological properties of puffer epidermal mucus are viscoelastic, and the mucus forms a sliding surface, which reduces the frictional drag of the fluid. In conclusion, this paper may provide a reference for the development of drag-reducing agents and drag-reducing research studies on other fish mucus.

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“…The surface of marine organisms secretes mucus to cover the whole body, the rough skin of sharks is covered by the shield scale, and covering with an elastic-damping layer is a strategy for dolphins to combat water. The hydrodynamic advantages of the ribs on the shark's bionic drag reduction surface and the ribs embedded in the turbulent boundary layer (TBL) have been fully demonstrated, and their cross sections are regular ravines such as triangles or rectangles, 5 due to the diversion of ribs and the boosting effect of the similar vortex generator shield scales. However, the special structure of the groove also tends to accumulate fouling, leading to clogging and surface performance failure.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupled Bionic Drag-Reducing Surface Covered by Conical Protrusions and Elastic Layer Inspired from Pufferfish Skin

Feng

Fan

Tian

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Inspired by the drag-reducing properties of the cone-like spines and elastic layer covering the pufferfish skin, important efforts are underway to establish rational multiple drag-reducing strategies for the development of new marine engineering materials. In the present work, a new drag-reducing surface (CPES) covered by conical protrusions (sparse “k-type” with rough height k + = 13–15) and an elastic layer are constructed on copper substrate via a hybrid method, combining the sintering and coating processes. The drag-reducing feature of the prepared CPES biomimetic surface is achieved by rheometer and particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments. To comprehensively investigate its drag reduction mechanism, the porous copper substrate (PCS), copper substrate (CS), conical protrusion resin substrate (CPRS), and conical protrusion porous copper substrate (CPPCS) were used for a comparative analysis. In laminar flow, we discovered that the conical protrusion structure and wettability of the elastic surface coupling affect the CPES sample’s drag-reducing performance (7–8%) and that the interface produced slip to reduce the viscous drag. In turbulent flow, the CPES biomimetic surface exhibits an 11.5–17.5% drag-reducing performance. Such behavior was enabled by two concurrent mechanisms: (i) The conical protrusions as vortex generators enhance the number of vortices and the wake effect, enabling faster movement of downstream strips, reducing viscous drag; (ii) The conical protrusion elements break and lift large-scale vortices to produce numerous small-scale vortices with low energy, effectively weakening perturbations and momentum exchange. Additionally, the elastic layer shows high adhesion and stability on copper substrate after sandpaper abrasion and water-flow erosion tests. The copper substrate surface formed by the sintering method is also covered with dense porous structures, which gives the elastic layer and conical protrusions excellent combined robustness. Our findings not only shed new light on the design of robust drag-reducing surfaces but also provide new avenues for underwater drag reduction in the field of marine applications.

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Focus on Bioinspired Textured Surfaces toward Fluid Drag Reduction: Recent Progresses and Challenges

Cited by 52 publications

References 240 publications

Experimental Investigations of the Turbulent Boundary Layer for Biomimetic Protrusive Surfaces Inspired by Pufferfish Skin: Effects of Spinal Density and Diameter

Experimental Investigations of the Turbulent Boundary Layer for Biomimetic Protrusive Surfaces Inspired by Pufferfish Skin: Effects of Spinal Density and Diameter

Rheological Properties and Drag Reduction Performance of Puffer Epidermal Mucus

Coupled Bionic Drag-Reducing Surface Covered by Conical Protrusions and Elastic Layer Inspired from Pufferfish Skin

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