FocSge1 in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 is essential for full virulence

Abstract

Background: Fusarium wilt disease of banana is one of the most devastating diseases and was responsible for destroying banana plantations in the late nineteenth century. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense is the causative agent. Presently, both race 1 and 4 strains of Foc are creating havoc in the major banana-growing regions of the world. There is an urgent need to devise strategies to control this disease; that is possible only after a thorough understanding of the molecular basis of this disease. Results: There are a few regulators of Foc pathogenicity which are triggered during this infection, among which Sge1 (Six Gene Expression 1) regulates the expression of effector genes. The protein sequence is conserved in both race 1 and 4 strains of Foc indicating that this gene is vital for pathogenesis. The deletion mutant, FocSge1 displayed poor conidial count, loss of hydrophobicity, reduced pigmentation, decrease in fusaric acid production and pathogenicity as compared to the wild-type and genetically complemented strain. Furthermore, the C-terminal domain of FocSge1 protein is crucial for its activity as deletion of this region results in a knockout-like phenotype. Conclusion: These results indicated that FocSge1 plays a critical role in normal growth and pathogenicity with the C-terminal domain being crucial for its activity.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals that ATP synthases regulate Fusarium oxysporum virulence by modulating sugar transporter gene expressions in tobacco

“…Mycotoxins are the main virulence molecules from F. graminearum , and their biosynthesis and regulation has been well studied ( Chen et al, 2019 ). In addition, secreted proteins were identified that modulate host plant defense and F. oxysporum virulence ( Chen et al, 2014 ; Liu et al, 2019 ; Ding et al, 2020 ; Gurdaswani et al, 2020 ). However, the molecular mechanism of F. oxysporum virulence toward tobacco plants remains unclear.…”

“…It has been shown, that FocSge1 is required for the full virulence of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 ( Gurdaswani et al, 2020 ) while FoRlm1 regulates anti-oxidant enzymes to control aerial hyphal growth, oxidative stress, cell wall biosynthesis, and virulence in F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense ( Ding et al, 2020 ).…”

Computational analysis revealed Triamcinolone acetonide produced by Bacillus velezensis YEBBR6 as having antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense

“…Identi cation of potential target proteins of the pathogen is the foremost important step for assessing the interaction of protein with the ligand molecules through docking. Based on the literature survey and analysis, antifungal protein targets in Foc were identi ed as G protein ß subunit (FGB1) [22], Six Gene Expression 1 (SGE1) [23], RHO type GTPase (RHO1) [24], 5´ → 3´ Exoribonuclease 2 (XRN2) [25], C-24 sterol methyltransferase (ERG6), C-4 sterol methyl oxidase (ERG25) [26], Fusarium transcription factor 1 (FTF1), velvet [27], MADS-box transcription factor Rlm1 (Resistance to lethality of MKK1P386) [28], MAP kinase kinase 2 (Mkk2) [29], Secreted in Xylem 1 (SIX1), Secreted in xylem 6 (SIX6), Secreted in xylem 8 ( SIX8), Secreted in xylem 10 (SIX10) and Secreted in xylem (SIX13) [30]. Details on these protein targets of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.…”

“…Velvet and Fusarium transcription factor 1 (ftf1) are two proteins that have been implicated in fungal proliferation, maturation and disease development with the earlier one having the role of regulating sexual and asexual development of the fungus [30]. SGE1 which is mainly regulating the expression of effector genes results in reduced pathogenicity of the organism [23]. Other transcription factor affected includes Rlm1 which is a MADS box transcription factor whose functional disruption can result in reduced aerial hyphal growth, virulence, increased susceptibility to oxidative stress, and reduced production of mycotoxins fusaric acid and beauvericin [28].…”

Physiological Response of Cape Gooseberry Plants to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali, Fusaric Acid, and Water Deficit in a Hydrophonic System

“…FA induces programmed cell death, increases ROS production and lipid peroxidation (Jiao et al, 2014;Singh and Upadhyay, 2014), alters electrolyte leakage, and reduces photosynthetic pigments (Wu et al, 2008a,b;Singh et al, 2017). FA is considered a virulence factor, since low levels of this mycotoxin are associated with a drop in vascular wilt severity (Ding et al, 2018;López-Díaz et al, 2018;Gurdaswani et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2020;Shao et al, 2020). Some of the symptoms caused by FA include leaf turgor and chlorophyll loss, vascular tissue browning, and necrosis (Wu et al, 2008b;Singh et al, 2017).…”