Focal sialadenitis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and spondyloarthropathy: a comparison with patients with rheumatoid arthritis or mixed connective tissue disease

Helenius, L. Miia J.; Hietanen, Jarkko; Helenius, Ilkka; Kautiainen, Hannu; Piirainen, Heikki; Paimela, Leena; Lappalainen, Maarit; Suuronen, Riitta; Lindqvist, Christer; Leirisalo‐Repo, Marjatta

doi:10.1136/ard.60.8.744

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…We have previously reported that salivary secretion rates correlated negatively with lip-biopsy focus scores in our patient cohort [4]. A close correlation between minor salivary gland inflammation and whole salivary secretion has also been observed [30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…The control group did not undergo biopsy for ethical reasons. The biopsy samples were analysed for the inflammatory focus score, as reported earlier [4]. A focus score was defined as the number of agglomerations of at least 50 mononuclear cells per 4 mm 2 of glandular tissue.…”

Section: Minor Salivary Gland Biopsymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the CPI index, the following variables are recorded at clinical examination: dental calculus, periodontal pockets, and gingival bleeding [21]. To assess dryness of the eyes, Schirmer's test was performed, as previously described [4].…”

Section: Patients and Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, data on the periodontal condition in seronegative arthritides or mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) are few, and no studies have been conducted on periodontal disease in patients with spondyloarthropathy (SPA). We have previously shown that saliva secretion, which is the principal defensive factor in the oral cavity, is affected by these rheumatic diseases [4], with subsequent detrimental effects on the teeth and mouth mucosa. Reduced salivary flow enhances oral microbial colonization, in particular yeasts, which, in turn, are an infectious burden on the patient and may worsen the systemic condition [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral and salivary parameters in patients with rheumatic diseases

Helenius

Meurman

Helenius

et al. 2005

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

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We studied the presence of secondary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and the composition of saliva, prevalence of oral pathogens, periodontitis, mouth mucosa, and teeth in patients with various rheumatic diseases and in healthy controls. The hypothesis was that different rheumatic diseases might cause differences in oral health characteristics because of the liability of secondary SS in the patients. The study involved 77 patients and 77 age-matched and sex-matched controls. Twenty patients were suffering from spondylarthropathy (SPA), 18 from ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 24 from rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 15 from mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). Clinical and radiographic oral health status was recorded and salivary flow rates were measured. Selected salivary proteins and immunoglobulins were analysed by routine methods. Minor salivary gland biopsy samples were taken from the patients for assessment of inflammatory focus scores. Differences between patients and controls and in between the different rheumatic diseases were analysed statistically. Secondary SS was diagnosed in 39% (30/77) of the patients. A severe periodontal condition (community periodontal index of treatment needs score 3 or 4) occurred in 58% (45/77) of the rheumatic patients compared with only 26% (20/77) of the controls (p < 0.0001). The severity of focal sialadenitis (focus score) correlated significant with salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM concentrations. Salivary albumin, total protein, IgG, and IgM concentrations were higher in all patient groups than in the controls. The number of patients with low salivary flow rates was higher in all patient groups compared to controls. Oral yeast counts were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (p < 0.001). In a subgroup analysis, patients with SS had higher values for salivary IgA and IgM than patients without SS. Dental caries and oral lactobacilli were more frequent in patients with SS, but SS was not associated with periodontitis. No major differences were noted in other salivary biochemical parameters between these two groups. Patients with rheumatic diseases, irrespective of specific diagnosis, thus had various alterations in salivary flow and composition and oral health. The findings may reflect the autoimmune inflammation of the salivary glands frequently observed in these patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Minor Salivary Gland Biopsymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Patients and Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Oral and salivary parameters in patients with rheumatic diseases

Helenius

Meurman

Helenius

et al. 2005

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The examiner was unaware of the clinical diagnosis of the subjects. All patients filled in a questionnaire on eye, ear, oral and craniomandibular disorders 15 , and the use of the relevant medicine as reported previously 10 . The patients underwent a routine stomatognathic examination 4,17 to detect signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders and to register occlusal conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%