Focal dystonia in association with cerebral infarction.

Traub, M; Ridley, Alan

doi:10.1136/jnnp.45.11.1073

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…(Brett and Hoare, 1981; Traub and Ridley, 1982) Functional neuroimaging has confirmed dysfunction of the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical motor loop in FHD, although results have varied due to differences in study design. Increased activations have been identified in the contralateral sensorimotor cortex, basal ganglia, and ipsilateral cerebellum during symptom-provoking tasks(Lerner et al, 2004; Odergren et al, 1998; Preibisch et al, 2001; Pujol et al, 2000), while decreased activations have been found in cortical motor areas and contralateral putamen during motor tasks that do not cause symptoms(Wu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individuated finger control in focal hand dystonia: An fMRI study

et al. 2012

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Objectives To better understand deficient selective motor control in focal hand dystonia by determining changes in striatal activation and connectivity in patients performing individuated finger control. Methods Functional imaging with a 3-Tesla magnetic resonance scanner was performed on 18 patients and 17 controls during non-symptom producing tasks requiring right-handed individuated or coupled finger control. A global linear model and psychophysiologic interactions model compared individuated to coupled tasks for patients and controls separately, and the results were submitted to a group analysis. The sensorimotor (posterior) and associative (anterior) putamen were considered as seed regions for the connectivity analysis. Results Compared to controls, patients had significant differences in activations and connectivity during individuated compared to coupled tasks: (i) decreased activations in the bilateral postcentral gyri, right associative posterior parietal areas, right cerebellum and left posterior putamen, while activations in the left anterior putamen were not different; (ii) increased connectivity of the left posterior putamen with the left cerebellum and left sensorimotor cortex; (iii) increased connectivity of the left anterior putamen with bilateral supplementary motor areas, the left premotor cortex, and left cerebellum. Interpretation Decreased activations in the sensorimotor putamen and cerebellum controlling the affected hand might underlie low levels of surround inhibition during individuated tasks. For identical motor performance in both groups, increased connectivity of sensorimotor and associative striato-cortical circuits in FHD suggests that both affected and unaffected territories of the striatum participate in compensatory processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individuated finger control in focal hand dystonia: An fMRI study

et al. 2012

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“…However, these disorders are associated with pathology at other sites and dystonia does not always occur. More specific evidence implicating the basal ganglia comes from observations of focal insults such as tumours or vascular lesions, demonstrated by scans or postmortem examination, situated in the striatum contralateral to hemidystonia (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Many of the lesions responsible involve the putamen, but the caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, and thalamus may be involved.…”

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confidence: 99%

Pathological report of four patients presenting with cranial dystonias

1988

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Secondary dystonias and experimental models of dystonia suggest that mechanisms responsible for primary dystonias may lie in the basal ganglia or brainstem. A histological study has been done in three patients with cranial dystonia (blepharospasm with oromandibular dystonia in two, blepharospasm alone in one), and one patient with craniocervical dystonia (oromandibular dystonia with retrocollis). In the patient with blepharospasm alone, an angioma, 0.5 mm in diameter, was found in the dorsal pons at the site of the central tegmental tract, confirming that some patients presenting with primary dystonias may have longstanding lesions in the brainstem. In the three other cases, the striatum, pallidum, thalamus, and brainstem were examined and cell populations in the putamen, substantia nigra, and inferior olives were compared with age-matched controls, but no significant abnormality was found.

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“…In most cases of symptomatic dystonia the symptoms have been unilat eral and fairly widespread, whereas in our case dystonia was bilateral and restricted to the upper extremities. When acute events, such as brain trauma or vascular lesions, had been the cause of dystonia, usually there was a latency of several weeks or sometimes years [2,4,13,14], thus allowing interesting speculations about the pathophysiological mechanisms involved. In our case the symptomatology appeared within 18 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from vascular processes [2][3][4], tumors [5][6][7], encephalitis [8], intoxications [9], side effects of drugs [10,11], and brain trauma [12][13][14] could be demonstrated. To our knowledge chronic subdural hematoma has not been reported so far.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%